Collected Bibliography R-Z

From Wildbison

R Top of Page

Ralls, Katherine, Barbara Lundrigan, and Karl Kranz (1987). Mother-young Relationships in Captive Ungulates: Behavioral Changes over Time. Ethology, 75:1-14.

Rankin, G. 1954. Disease survey; The Mackenzie District of Northwest Territories. 19 June-28 August 1954. Bison Reports, Vol. 4, No. 13. Available at WBNP, Box 750, Fort Smith, N.W.T. XOE OPO.

Raup, H.M. 1933. Range conditions in the Wood Buffalo Park of western Canada with notes on the history of the wood bison. Spec. Pub. Am. Comm. for Int. Wildlife Prot. 1(2) 52 pp.

Raup, H. M. 1935. Botanical investigations in Wood Buffalo Park, Canada, Department of Mines and the National Museum of Canada, Bulletin No. 74.

Ravndal, V. (1997). (Draft) A General Description of the Social and Cultural Environment Surrounding the Bison/Brucellosis Issue in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. (April 6, 1997).

Ravndal, V. (1998). Wildlands Without Wildlife Aren't Wild. Wildland Times, (Summer '98):4.

Reeves, B. O. K. (1983) Six millenniums of buffalo kills. Scientific American 249(4): 120-135.

Reinhardt, Viktor (1984). Social Behavior in a Confined Bison Herd. Behavior, (1985) 92-95: 209-225.

Reynolds, H. W.; Hansen, R. M.; Peden, D. G. (1978) Diets of the Slave River lowland bison herd, Northwest Territories, Canada. Journal of Wildlife Management. 42(3): 581-590.

Reynolds, H. 1982. An endangered species program brings wood bison to Nahanni. Zoonooz 55(7): 4-8.

Reynolds, H.W., G.M. Lynch and B.L. Lajeunesse. 1982. Range Assessment of the Hay-Zama Lakes Area, Alberta, as habitat for wood bison and a proposal for their re-introduction. Unpubl. rept. for Alberta Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Service, Edmonton, AB. 47 pp.

Reynolds, H. W.; Hawley, A. W. L. (1987) Bison ecology in relation to agricultural development in the Slave River lowlands, Northwest Territories. Occassional Paper No. 63. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Wildlife Service. 74 p.

Reynolds, H. 1987. The Canadian Wildlife Service Program to Restore Wood Bison. In: Holroyd, G.L., McGillivray, W.B., Stepney, P.H.R., Ealey, D.M., Trottier, G.C., and Eberhart, K.E., eds. Proceedings of the Workshop on Endangered Species in the Prairie Provinces. Edmonton: Alberta Culture, Historical Resources Division. Provincial Museum of Alberta, Occasional Paper No. 9:323-328.

Reynolds, H. 1988. The Canadian Wildlife Service Wood Bison Recovery Program. In: Proceedings of the North American Bison Workshop, 9-10 September 1987, Missoula, Montana.

Reynolds, H.W. & C.C. Gates. 1991. Managing wood bison: A once endangered species. In: L.A. Renecker & R.J.Hudson (eds.). Wildlife Production: Conservation and Substainable Development. A.F.E.S. misc. pub. 91-6. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska. pp. 363-371.

Rhyan, J.C., D.A. Saari, E.S. Williams, M.W. Miller, A.J. Davis & A.J. Wilson. 1992. Gross and microscopic lesions of naturally occurring tuberculosis in a captive herd of wapiti (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Colorado. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 4: 428-433.

Rhyan, Jack C., William J. Quinn, Larry S. Stackhouse, James J. Henderson, Darla R. Ewalt, Janet B. Payeur, Mark Johnson, and Mary Meagher (1994). Abortion Caused by Brucella abortus Biovar 1 in a Free-ranging Bison (Bison bison) from Yellowstone National Park. Journal of Widlife Diseases, 30(3): 445-446

Rhyan, J.C., K. Aune, T.J. Roffe, D.R. Ewalt, T.Gidlewski, and M. Philo (1998). "Preliminary Results on Tissue Localization Sites of Brucella abortus in Female Bison from Yellowstone National Park." In International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America. Edited by L. Irby and J. Knight, Montana State University, Bozeman.

Rifkin, Jeremy (---) The Great Bovine Switch. In Beyond Beef, pp. 72-80.

Roden, C. Vervaecke, H. and Van Elsacker, L. (2005) Dominance, age and weight in American bison males (Bison bison) during non-rut in semi-natural conditions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Jul 2005

Roe, F.G. (---). Buffalo as a Possible Influence in the Development of Prairie Lands. The Canadian Historical Review, (date omitted) 275-287.

Roe, F.G. 1951. The North American buffalo: A critical study of the species in its wild state. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, ON.

Roe, F. 1972. The North American buffalo. Toronto. 991 pp.

Roelle, J.E. (1977) Refuge management modeling: The National Bison Range. Unpubl. Ph.D.Thesis. Colo. State Univ. 335 pp.

Roffe, T.J., J.C. Rhyan, K. Aune, L.M. Philo, D.R. Ewalt, T.Gidlewski and S.G. Hennager (1999). "Brucellosis in Yellowstone National Park Bison: Quantitative Serology and Infection." Journal of Wildlife Management 63(4):1132-37.

Roffe, T.J., J.C. Rhyan, K. Aune, L.M. Philo, M. Gilsdorf, S. Olsen, T.Gidlewski, and D.R. Ewalt (1998). Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Brucellosis in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) Bison (Bison bison), Second Year Summary." Abstract from International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, 57. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Rosas, C. 2003. Some aspects of bison ecology and behavior in a tallgrass prairie. Dissertation. Oklahoma State University.

Rosas, C. A., D. M. Engle, and J. H. Shaw. 2005. Potential ecological impact of diet selectivity and bison herd composition. Great Plains Research 15:3-13.

Rosas, C. A., M. W. Palmer, D. M. Engle, and J. H. Shaw. in preparation. Seed dispersal by bison (Bison bison) in a tallgrass prairie. Rudd, Clayton G., editor (1985). Bison Lore. Special edition. Naturalist, 36(3).

Rothschild, Bruce M., Larry D. Martin, Galit Lev, Helen Bercovier, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Charles Greenblatt, Helen Donoghue, Mark Spigelman, and David Brittain. 2001. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex DNA from an Extinct Bison Dated 17,000 Years before the Present. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2001;33:305-311

Rowan, W. 1929. Canada’s buffalo. Country Life, 14 September 1929:358-360.

Rutberg, Allen T. (1984). Birth Synchrony in American Bison (Bison bison): Response to Predation or Season? Journal of Mammalogy, 65(3): 418-423.

Rutberg, Allen T. (1986). Lactation and Fetal Sex Ratios in American Bison. American Naturalist, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 89-94

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Sarkadi, L. 1990. “Hidden Agenda” seen in ply to destroy Wood Buffalo bison. Edmonton Journal, 18 January 1990:A4.

Sartore, G., C. Stormont, B.G. Morris, and A.A. Grunder (1968). Multiple Electrophoretic Forms of Carbonic Anhydrase in Red Cells of Domestic Cattle (bos taurus) and American Buffalo (Bison bison). Genetics (?) 61: 823-831.

Schneider, J. (1998). "The Genetic Impacts of Management Practices on North American Bison." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, 175-79. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Schullery, Paul (1997). Bison and the Symbolism of Change. National Park Service. Presented at Where the Buffalo Roam, Finding the Common Ground conference, Cody, Wy. (August 8-9, 1997).

Schwartz, Charles C. and James E. Ellis (1981). Feeding Ecology and Niche Separation in Some Native and Domestic Ungulates on the Shortgrass Prairie. Journal of Applied Ecology, 18: 343-353.

Schwartz, Charles C. and Mark A. Haroldson, eds. (1999). Yellowstone Grizzly Bear Investigations: Report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 1998. Excerpts only; preliminary report, not for citation without permission of editors. USDI, USGS (November 1999).

Shackleton, D.M., Hills, L.V., Hutton, D.A. 1975. http://www.jstor.org/view/00222372/ap050229/05a00120/0 Aspects of Variation in Cranial Character of Plains Bison From Elk Island National Park, Alberta.] Journal of Mammalogy, Vol. 56, No. 4. (Nov., 1975), pp. 871-887.

Shapiro, Beth. Drummond, Alexei. Rambaut, Andrew. Wilson, Michael C. Matheus, Paul E. Sher, Andrei V. Pybus, Oliver G. Cooper, Alan. et al. (2004) Rise and fall of the Beringian steppe bison. Science. 2004 Nov 26;306(5701):1561-5.

Shaw, Don H. and J.R. Patel (1962). Demonstration of Antigenic Difference between the American Bison (Bison bison) and Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus). Nature, (November 3, 1962) 196(4853): 498-499.

Shaw, J.H. (1998). "Bison Ecology - What We Do and Do Not Know." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, 113-20. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Shaw, James H.; Carter, Tracy S. (1990) Bison movements in relation to fire and seasonality. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 18(4): 426-430

Shaw, J. H. (1995) How many bison originally populated western rangelands? Rangelands 17(5): 148-150.

Shaw, J. H., and M. Lee. 1997. Relative abundance of bison, elk, and pronghorn on the southern plains, 1806-1857. Plains Anthropologist 42:163-171.

Shaw, J.H. (?) Calving Patterns Among American Bison-Journal of Wildlife Management. 53(4):1989, 896-898

Shull, Alisa M. and Alan R. Tipton (1987). Effective Population Size of Bison on the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge. Conservation Biology, 1(1): 35-41.

Singer, Francis J. David M. Swift Michael B. Coughenour, and John D. Varley (1998). Thunder on the Yellowstone Revisited: An Assessment of Management of Native Ungulates by Natural Regulation, 1968-1993. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 26(3): 375-390.

Skinner, Curtis K. and Wayne B. Alcorn (1941, Supp. 1942-1951). History of the Bison in Yellowstone Park. Chief Ranger’s Office File No. 715-03. USDI, NPS, Yellowstone National Park, Wy.

Smith, D.W., K.M. Murphy, and D.S. Guernsey (1999). Yellowstone Wolf Project: Annual Report, 1998. NPS, Yellowstone Center for Resources, YNP, Wy.; YCR-NR-99-1.

Soper, J. Dewey (1941). History, Range and Home Life of the Northern Bison. Ecological Monographs, 11(4): 348-412.

Soule, M. and R. Noss. Rewilding and Biodiversity: Complementary Goals for Continental Conservation (1998). Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative. Wildearth, Vol.8, No.3.

STEVENS, W.E. 1954. Bison report - September 1954. Available at WBNP, Box 750, Fort Smith, N.W.T. XOE OPO.

Stormont, C., W.J. Miller, and Y. Suzuki (1961). Blood Groups and the Taxonomic Status of American Buffalo and Domestic Cattle. Evolution, 15: 196-208.

Stormont, C.J. (1993). "An Update on Bison Genetics." In Proceedings of the North American Public Bison Herds Symposium, edited by R.E. Walker, 15-37. July 27-29, 1993, LaCrosse, WI.

STROBECK, C. 1991. Molecular variation and genetic differentiation of populations of bison and elk. Unpubl. ms. Available from C. Strobeck, Department of Zoology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G

Strobeck, C., R.O. Polziehn and R. Beech. 1993. Genetic relationship between wood and plains bison assayed using mitochondrial DNA sequence. Pages 209-227 in Proc. North American public bison herds symposium, (R.E. Walker, symposium organizer and compiler), Lacrosse, WI. July 27-29, 1993, Custer State Park, Custer, SD. 444 pp.

Stumpff, C.D., M.A. Essey, D.H. Person & D. Thorpe. 1985. Epidemiologic study of M. Bovis in American bison. Proc. Ann. Mtg. U.S.A.H.A. 89: 564-570 T

Taper, M.L., Meagher, M., Jerde, C.L., (2000) The Phenology of Space:Spatial Aspects of Bison Density Dependance in Yellowstone National Park.

Telfer, E.S. & G.W. Scotter. 1975. Potential for game ranching in boreal aspen forests of western Canada. J. Range Manage. 28: 172-180

Telfer, Edmond S. and John P. Kelsall (1979). Studies of Morphological Parameters of Affecting Ungulate Locomotion in Snow. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57: 2153-2159.

Telfer, Edmond S. and John P. Kelsall (1984). Adaptation of Some Large North American Mammals for Survival in Snow. Ecology, 65(6): 1828-1834.

Tempany, I. 1974. Bison losses in the Peace-Athabasca delta spring flood, 25 April to 5 May 1974. Unpubl. report. Available at WBNP, Box 750, Fort Smith, N.W.T. XOE OPO.

Templeton, J.W., L.G. Adams, D.S. Davis, J. Feng and M. Izadjoo (1998). "Genetics Based Natural Resistance in Bison to Brucellosis." Abstract only. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, abstract 195. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Tessaro, S.V. 1986. The existing and potential importance of brucellosis and tuberculosis in Canadian wildlife: A review. Can. Vet. J. 27: 119- 124.

Tessaro, S.V. 1989. Review of the diseases, parasites and miscellaneous pathological conditions of North American bison. Can. Vet. J. 30: 416-422.

Tessaro, S.V., Forbes, L.B., and Turcotte, C. (1990) A Survey of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis in Bison in and around Wood Buffalo National Park. Can Vet J. 1990 March; 31(3): 174–180.

Tessaro, S.V., C.C. Gates & L.B. Forbes. 1993. The brucellosis and tuberculosis status of wood bison in the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary, Northwest Territories, Canada. Can. J. Vet. Res. 57: 231-235

Thoen, C.O., K.J. Throlson, L.D. Miller, E.M. Himes & R.L. Morgan. 1988. Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in American bison. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49: 1861-1865.

Thorne, E. Tom, Mary Meagher and Robert Hillman (1991). Brucellosis in Free-ranging Bison: Three Perspectives. Source incomplete; (ISBN 0-300-04970-6) Chapter 18, pp. 275-287.

Thorne, E. Tom, Jamie K. Morton, and Winthrop C. Ray (1979). Brucellosis, Its Effect and Impact on Elk in Western Wyoming. In North American Elk; Ecology, Behavior and Management, M.S. Boyce and L.O. Hayden-Wing, eds. University of WY, Laramie.

Tieszen, L. L. 1998. Stable isotopic determination of seasonal dietary patterns in bison at four preserves across the Great Plains. Pages 130-140 in L. l. a. J. Knight, editor. International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.

Trammell, M.A.; Butler, J.L. (1995) Effects of exotic plants on native ungulate use of habitat. Journal of wildlife management(J. wildl. manage.) vol. 59, no4, pp. 808-816

Trexler, H.A. (~1918?) The Buffalo Range of the Northwest. M.V.H.R., 7(4): 348-362.

Tuckerman, E.D. 1955. Report of bovine tuberculosis infection in the buffalo herd of the Lehigh County Game Preserve. Vet. Ext. Quart. Univ. Pa. No. 130. pp. 108-110

Turner, Monica G., Yegang Wu, Linda L. Wallace, William H. Romme, and Antoinette Brenkert (994). Simulating Weather Interactions Among Ungulates, Vegetation, and Fire in Northern Yellowstone Park. Ecological Applications, 4(3): 472-496.

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United States Animal Health Association (1997). Reintroduction of Elk in the Eastern United States. USAHA 1997, Resolution No.22 (October 18-24, 1997).

USDA (1965). Bison Herds in the United States. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Disease Eradication Division, Hyattsville, MD (distributed to NPS).

USDA. 1992. Bovine tuberculosis eradication: Uniform methods and rules effective February 3, 1989. Anim. Plant Health Inspect. Ser., No. 91- 45-001. 14 pp.

USDA (1998). 1997 Census of Agriculture - State Data (Montana). USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service.

USDA, APHIS (1980). Memo concerning: Annual Brucellosis Recertification Report - South Dakota. Veterinary Services, North Central Region, Denver, CO; Includes attachments (December 30, 1980).

USDA, APHIS (1996). Brucellosis Affected Herd Report, January 31, 1996. USDA, APHIS, Veterinary Services (VS), Cattle Diseases and Surveillance Staff (CDSS); Riverdale, MD (January 31, 1996).

USDA, APHIS (1997). Brucellosis and Yellowstone Bison. USDA, APHIS Veterinary Services; APHIS Web (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/bison/brubison.html), (accessed 5/12/97).

USDI, BLM (2000). Scoping Document: Pilot Bison Grazing 2000. Upper Snake River District, Idaho Falls, ID (March 22, 2000).

USDI, NPS (1964). Special Study: Bison Jumps of the High Plains. The National Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings, Washington, DC.

USDI, NPS (1988) Foreword: Law, Policy, and Guidelines. In Management Policies. USDI, NPS (December 1988).

USDI, FWS (1962). The American Buffalo. Conservation Note 12. USDI, Washington, DC (July 1962); GPO 930410.

USDI, FWS (1995) American Buffalo: Bison bison. Wildlife Biologue, Biologue Series.

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Van Camp, J. (1989) A surviving herd of endangered wood bison at Hook Lake, N.W.T.? Arctic 42(4): 314-322.

Van Camp. J. and G.W. Calef. 1987. Population dynamics of bison. Pages 21-23 in Bison ecology in relation to agriculture development in the Slave River lowlands, NWT., (H.W. Reynolds and A.W.L. Hawley, eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service. Occas. Pap. No. 63, Can. Wildl. Serv., Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1987. Cat No. CW 69-1/63E. 74 pp.

Van Den Brink, W. Jan (1980). The Behavior of Wisent and Bison in Large Enclosures. Acta Theriologica, 25(11): 115-130.

Van Kessel J. C. (2002) Taking care of Bison: Community perceptions of the Hook Lake Bison Recovery Project in Fort Resolution, NT, Canada. Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Van Vuren, Dirk (1983) Group Dynamics and Summer Home Range of Bison in Southern Utah. Journal of Mammalogy, Vol. 64, No. 2 (May, 1983), pp. 329-332

Van Vuren, D., and M. P. Bray. 1985. The recent geographic distribution of Bison in Oregon. The Murrelet 66(2) 56-58.

Van Vuren, D., and M. P. Bray. 1986. Population dynamics of bison in the Henry Mountains, Utah. J. Mamm. 67:503-511

Van Zyll de Jong (1986). A Systematic Study of Recent Bison, with Particular Consideration of the Wood Bison (Bison bison athabascae Rhoads 1898). Publications in Natural Sciences, No. 6. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

van Zyll de Jong, C.G., C. Gates, H. Reynolds, and W. Olson. 1995. Phenotypic variation in remnant populations of North American bison. J. Mammal. 76:391-405.

Van Vuren, Dirk (1987). Bison West of the Rocky Mountains, An Alternative Explanation. Northwest Science, 61(2): 65-69.

Vinton, M. A., et al. 1993. Interactive effects of fire, bison (Bison bison) grazing and plant community composition in tallgrass prairie. Am. Midl. Nat. 129:10-18.

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Walker, R. (1987) Buffalo herd managment in Custer State Park. pp. 22-23. IN: Proc. of North America Bison Workshop. (J. Malcom, ed.) U.S. Fish and Wildl. Ser. and Glacier Nat. Hist. Assoc., Glacier National Park, MT. 74 pp.

Wall, D. A., S. K. Davis, and B. M. Read. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily Bovinae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) based on ribosomal DNA. J. Mamm. 73:262-275.

Wallace, L.L., M.G. Turner, W.H. Romme, R.V. Oneill, and Y.G. Wu. 1995. Scale of heterogeneity of forage production and winter foraging by elk and bison. Landscape Ecology. 10(2): 75-83.

Wallace L.L., M.I. Dyer and J. Bell (1998). "Bison As Controllers Of Ecosystem Productivity and Stability." Abstract only. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, abstract 147. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Ward, T.J., J.P. Bielawski, S.K. Davis, J.W. Templeton and J.N. Derr (1999). Identification of Domestic Cattle Hybrids in Wild Cattle and Bison Species: A General Approach Using mtDNA Markers and the Parametric Bootstrap. Animal Conservation 2:51-57.

White, S.N. Halbert, N.D. Taylor, K.H. Derr, J.N. Womack, J.E. (2005) TLR4 variation in Yellowstone bison. Anim Genet. 2005 Dec;36(6):533-4

Whittlesey, Lee (1992). Historic Setting for the Possibility that Yellowstone’s Bison Herd Contracted Brucellosis from Nearby Domestic Cattle. Unpublished paper (March 1992).

Whittlesey, Lee (1994). Cows All Over: The Historic Setting for the Transmission of Brucellosis to Yellowstone Bison by Domestic Cattle. Wyoming Annals, (Winter ‘94-’95) 42-57.

Williams, Elizabeth S., Steven L. Cain, and Donald S. Davis (1994). Brucellosis: The Disease in Bison. Dept. Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie (September 23, 1994).

William, E.S., E.T. Thorne, S.L. Anderson, and J.D. Herriges, Jr. (1993). Brucellosis in Free-Ranging Bison (Bison bison) from Teton County, Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 29(1): 118-122.

Wilson, G.A. and C. Strobeck. 1999. The isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in bison, and their usefulness in other artiodactyls. Animal Genetics 30: 226-227.

Wilson, G.A. and C. Strobeck (1998). "Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Variation in Wood and Plain Bison." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, 180-91. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Wilson, G.A. and C. Strobeck. 1999. The isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in bison, and their usefulness in other artiodactyls. Animal Genetics 30: 226-227.

Wilson G.A. and Strobeck, C. (1999) Genetic variation within and relatedness among wood and plains bison populations. Genome/Génome 42(3): 483-496

Wilson, G.A., and C.J. Kyle. 2000. A review of the influences on minimum viable population (MVP) estimates in bison. Technical report, prepared for the United States Department of the Interior, Yellowstone National Park. 15pp.

Wilson, G., Nishi, J.S., Elkin, B.T., Strobek, C. (2006) Effects of a recent founding event and intrinsic population dynamics on genetic diversity in an ungulate population. Conservation Genetics. Vol6, Number 6.

Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Third edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. Two volumes. 2,142 pp.

Wolfe, M. L., and J. F. Kimball. (1989). Comparison of bison population estimates with a total count. Journal of Wildlife Managemen, 53(3): 593-596.

Wolfe, M. L., M. P. Shipka, and J. F. Kimball. (1999). Reproductive ecology of bison on Antelope Island, Utah. Great Basin Naturalist 59(2): 105-111.

Wolff, J. O. (1998). Breeding strategies, mate choice, and reproductive success in American bison. Oikos 83: 529-544.

Wood, Judith Hebbring (2000) The Origin of Public Bison Herds in the United States Wicazo Sa Review, Vol. 15, No. 1, The Secular Past, the Mythic Past, and the Impending Future (Spring, 2000), pp. 157-182

Wright, K.D., and A. Markiewicz. 2000. wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) habitat mapping and enhancement study in the Hay-Zama lowlands 1999/2000. Alberta Conservation Association, Northwest Boreal Region, Peace River, AB.

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Yatchak, Jayne (1996). (Charts only) A Population and Behavioral Study of the North American Buffalo. Student paper. Field Problems II, Instructor Kim Skylander. Institution omitted.

Yellowstone National Park (1928). Summary of History of Yellowstone Buffalo Herd. Chronological fact sheet (1879-1928). YNP, Wy.

Yellowstone National Park (1964). Long-Range Wildlife and Habitat Management Plan for Yellowstone National Park. Approved 10/20/64. USDI, NPS, YNP.

Yellowstone National Park (1973). A Boundary Control Program for Yellowstone National Park. USDI, NPS, Yellowstone National Park, Wy. (Revised February 1973).

Yellowstone National Park (1986). Environmental Assessment: Bison Boundary Control Program. NPS, Yellowstone National Park, Wy. (August 1986).

Yellowstone National Park (1995). Executive Summary: Resource Management Plan. USDI, NPS, YNP, Wy.

Young, C.M. (1973). Plains Bison in northern Ontario. Ontario Field Biologist, 27:29-32

Young, M.A.R. (1965) The buffalo at Elk Island Park. Alberta Historical Review 13:26-28.

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Zarnke, Randall L. (1983). Serologic Survey for Selected Microbial Pathogens in Alaskan Wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 19(4): 324-329.

Zarnke, Randall L. and G.A. Erickson (1990). Serum Antibody Prevalence of Parainfluenza in a Free-Ranging Bison (Bison bison) Herd from Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 26(3): 416-419.

Zarnke, Randall L. and Linda K. Schlater (1984). Abscesses in a Free-Ranging Bison in Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 20(2): 151-152.

Zaugg, Jerry L., Sharon K. Taylor, Bruce C. Anderson, David L. Hunter, Jerry Ryder, and Mona Divine (1993). Hematologic, Serologic Values, Histopathologic and Fecal Evaluations of Bison From Yellowstone Park. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 29(3): 453-457