Editing Bison Ecology and Movements

Berger, Joel and Carol Cunningham (1988). Size-Related Effects on Search Times in North American Grassland Female Ungulates. Ecology 69(1):177-183.

Berger, Joel and Carol Cunningham (1994). Multiple Bottlenecks, Allopatric Lineages and Badlands Bison (Bos bison) Consequences of Lineage Mixing. Biological Conservation 71(1995): 13-23.

Berger, J. and C. Cunningham (1994). Bison Mating and Conservation in Small Populations (Table of contents only). NY: Columbia University Press.

Brookshier, Jennifer S. 2000. [http://www.nps.gov/wica/Abstract-Brookshier-Effects_of_Forced_Weaning.htm Effects                of Forced Weaning on Mother-Daughter Associations and Reproduction in Bison.(bison bison)] M.S. Thesis. Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 64 p.

Carbyn, L.N., and T. Trottier (1987). Responses of Bison on Their Calving Grounds to Predation by Wolves in Wood Buffalo National Park. Canadian Journal of Zoology 65:2072-2078.

Christman, Gene M. (--- post 1970). The Mountain Bison. Source Omitted. Author with Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, UC Berkeley.

Dahlgren, Robert B. and Popp, Jewel K. 1978. [http://www.nps.gov/wica/Abstract-Dahlgren-Food_Habits_Bison.htm Food Habits of Bison at Wind Cave National Park.] University of Wyoming NPS Research Center, Second Annual Report: 161-165.

DelGiudice, Glenn D., Francis J. Singer, Ulysses S. Seal and Gillian Bowser (1994). Physiological Responses of Yellowstone Bison to Winter Nutrition Deprivation. Journal of Wildlife Management 58(1):24-34.

Flores, Dan (1991) Bison Ecology and Bison Diplomacy: The Southern Plains from 1800 to 1850. The Journal of American History, (September, 1991) 465-485.

Fuller, W.A. (1959). The Horns and Teeth as Indicators of Age in Bison. Journal of Wildlife Management, 23(3): 342-344.

Gates, C. C., B. Stelfox, T. Muhly, C. Chowns and R. J. Hudson. (2005.) Bison Ecology and Movements inand Beyond Yellowstone National Park: A Critical Review with implications for winter use and transboundary management

Gogan, P.J.P, Podruzky, K.M., Olexa, E.M., Pac, H.I., Frey, K.L.(2005) [http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F0022-541X(2005)69[1716%3AYBFDAP]2.0.CO%3B2 Yellowstone Bison Fetal Development and Phenology of Parturition]. Journal of Wildlife Management: Vol. 69, No. 4 pp. 1716â��1730 

Green, Wendy C.H. 1986. Age-Related Differences in Nursing Behavior Among American Bison Cows (Bison bison). Journal of Mammalogy 67. pp. 739-741.

Green, Wendy C.H. 1990. Reproductive effort and associated costs in bison (Bison bison): Do older mothers try harder? Behavioral Ecology 1. pp. 148-160.

Green, Wendy C.H. and Berger, Joel. 1990. Maternal investment in sons and daughters: problems of methodology. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 27. pp. 99-102.

Green, Wendy C.H., Griswold, Joseph G. and Rothstein, Aron. 1989. Post-weaning associations among bison mothers and daughters. The Association for the Study of Animal Behavior 38. pp. 847-858.

Green, Wendy C.H. and Rothstein, Aron. 1991. Sex bias or equal opportunity? Patterns of maternal investment in bison. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 29.

Green, Wendy C.H. and Rothstein, Aron. 1991. Trade-offs between growth and reproduction in female bison. Oecologia 86. pp. 521-527.

Green, Wendy Carroll Hortenstine. 1987. Mother-daughter interactions in American bison (Bison bison): Factors associated with individual variation. Ph.D. Dissertation. City University of New York. 202+ p.

Hanson, Jeffery R. (1984). Bison Ecology in the Northern Plains and a Reconstruction of Bison Patterns for the North Dakota Region. Plains Anthropologist, 29(104): 93-113.

Kirkpatrick, J.F., J.C. McCarthy, D.F. Gudermuth, S.E. Shideler, and B.L. Lasley (1996). An Assessment of the Reproductive Biology of Yellowstone Bison (Bison, bison) subpopulations using noncapture methods. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 74: 8-14

Mattson, David J. (1997). Use of Ungulates by Yellowstone Grizzly Bears, Ursus arctos. Biological Conservation , 81: 161-177.

Meagher, Mary (1971). Winter Weather as a Population Regulating Influence on Free-Ranging Bison in Yellowstone National Park. Presented at American Association for the Advancement of Science Symposium on Research in National Parks (December 28, 1971).

Meagher, Mary (1973a). The Bison of Yellowstone National Park. Scientific Monograph Series, No.1; National Park Service, Washington, DC.

Pac, H.I. and K. Frey (1991). Some Population Characteristics of the Northern Yellowstone Bison Herd During the Winter of 1988-89. Bozeman, MT: Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks.

Plumb, G.E. and J.L. Dodd (1993). "Foraging Ecology of Bison and Cattle on Mixed Prairie: Implications for Natural Area Management." Ecological Applications 3(4): 631-43.

Polley, H. Wayne and Scott L. Collins (1984). Relationships of Vegetation and Environment in Buffalo Wallows. The American Midland Naturalist, 112(1): 178-186.

Ralls, Katherine, Barbara Lundrigan, and Karl Kranz (1987). Mother-young Relationships in Captive Ungulates: Behavioral Changes over Time. Ethology, 75:1-14.

Reinhardt, Viktor (1984). Social Behavior in a Confined Bison Herd. Behavior, (1985) 92-95: 209-225.

Rutberg, Allen T. (1984). Birth Synchrony in American Bison (Bison bison): Response to Predation or Season? Journal of Mammalogy, 65(3): 418-423.

Rutberg, Allen T. (1986). Lactation and Fetal Sex Ratios in American Bison. American Naturalist, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 89-94

Schwartz, Charles C. and James E. Ellis (1981). Feeding Ecology and Niche Separation in Some Native and Domestic Ungulates on the Shortgrass Prairie. Journal of Applied Ecology, 18: 343-353.

Shaw, J.H. (1998). "Bison Ecology - What We Do and Do Not Know." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Bison Ecology and Management in North America, 113-20. June 4-7, 1997, Bozeman, MT.

Soper, J. Dewey (1941). History, Range and Home Life of the Northern Bison. Ecological Monographs, 11(4): 348-412.

Telfer, Edmond S. and John P. Kelsall (1984). Adaptation of Some Large North American Mammals for Survival in Snow. Ecology, 65(6): 1828-1834

Van Den Brink, W. Jan (1980). The Behavior of Wisent and Bison in Large Enclosures. Acta Theriologica, 25(11): 115-130.

Van Zyll de Jong (1986). A Systematic Study of Recent Bison, with Particular Consideration of the Wood Bison (Bison bison athabascae Rhoads 1898). Publications in Natural Sciences, No. 6. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

Yatchak, Jayne (1996). (Charts only) A Population and Behavioral Study of the North American Buffalo. Student paper. Field Problems II, Instructor Kim Skylander. Institution omitted