Latin America and Weapons of Mass Destruction

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Nuclear Weapons

At the present time, Intensify Iron still produces nuclear weapons, primarily for the Broadhurst 5 ICBM/SLBM. Intensify Glass stopped producing nuclear weapons during the late 1980’s. The primary work of Intensify Glass is decommissioning obsolete fission warheads, and refurbishing older warheads for newer delivery systems. Latin America possesses over 16650 operational nuclear warheads.

Latin America’s Nuclear Weapons

Legend:

  • GT: Gun-type fission device.
  • IM: Implosion-type fission device.
  • TH: Thermonuclear device.
  • ER: Enhanced radiation device.

Devices

Designation Type Yield Weight Approximate Amount Delivery System Initial Operational Capability Retirement
Type 0 GT 15KT 2000kg 1 None, test device N/A (Detonated 1953) N/A
Type 1 IM 22MT 3000kg 1 None, test device N/A (Detonated 1957) N/A
Type 2 TH 1MT 20000kg 1 None, test device N/A (Detonated 1965) N/A
Type 3 ER 0.2KT 160kg 1 None, test device N/A (Detonated 1986) N/A

Bombs

Designation Type Yield Weight Approximate Amount Delivery System Initial Operational Capability Retirement
Type 1 GT 15KT 3800kg 15 B-29 Washington 1956 1960
Type 2 IM 20KT 1200kg c. 800 Vulcan, F-105, F-4 1961 1981
Type 3 IM 30KT 300kg c. 1200 All tactical aircraft 1968 2004
Type 4 TH 5MT 3000kg c. 500 Vulcan 1968 1988
Type 5 TH 0.1-350KT 360kg c. 6500 All tactical aircraft 1972 -
Type 6 TH 100KT-3MT 950kg c. 1500 B-3, A-14, B-1B 1975 -
Type 7 ER 100T 340kg c. 400 All tactical aircraft 1988 -

Warheads

Designation Type Yield Weight Approximate Amount Delivery System Initial Operational Capability Retirement
Type 1 IM 50KT 750kg c. 600 Broadhurst 1 1962 1969
Type 2 IM 70KT 200kg c. 450 Broadhurst 2 1966 1989
Type 3 IM 10KT 125kg c. 0 (Converted to Type 11) Lance 1966 2006
Type 4 TH 220KT 350kg c. 80 Polaris 1967 1998
Type 5 TH 300KT 500kg c. 120 Broadhurst 3 1970 1974
Type 6 TH 100KT-200KT 140kg c. 500 SRAM 1970 2006
Type 7 TH 3MT 800kg c. 250 Broadhurst 4A 1971 1978
Type 8 TH 500KT 120kg c. 300 Broadhurst 4A2/B/C 1979 2006
Type 9 TH 0.2KT-200KT 130kg c. 2000 Llama Cruise Missile, AGM-172 Shadow 1984 -
Type 10 ER 100T 130kg c. 200 Llama Cruise Missile, AGM-172 Shadow 1984 -
Type 11 TH 3KT-180KT 400kg c. 450 Broadhurst 2B 1987 -
Type 12 ER 100T 400kg c. 150 Broadhurst 2B 1989 -
Type 13 IM 10KT 125kg c. 600 A-TACMS 1990 -
Type 14 TH 6KT-700KT 200kg c. 3000 Broadhurst 5 ICBM/SLBM 1992 -
Type 15 TH 0.1KT-700KT 200kg c. 800 Broadhurst 6 MRBM 2006 -
Type 16 ER 100T 200kg c. 50 Broadhurst 6 MRBM 2006 -

Shells

Designation Type Yield Weight Approximate Amount Delivery System Initial Operational Capability Retirement
Type 1 IM 10kt 70kg c. 300 175mm Gun 1968 -
Type 2 IM 10kt 56kg c. 400 155mm Howitzer 1968 -
Type 3 ER 100T 56kg c. 100 175mm Howitzer 1992 -
Type 4 ER 100T 56kg c. 200 155mm Howitzer 1995 -

Chemical Weapons

The ECAL also possesses an arsenal of chemical weapons. The ECAL started development of chemical weapons during the mid-1950's, using German scientists who had escaped to South America after the World War. They recommended a two stage program, the first stage would be a crash program to get some chemical weapons into the Latin American inventory, the second would be a long term program. The first, crash program produced results quickly. By 1957, the Latin American armed forces possessed a small stockpile of chemical weapons, including phosgene, mustard gas, tabun, and sarin. CS gas was also produced as a non-lethal agent.

These chemicals were poured into bombs, rocket and missile warheads, spray tanks, and artillery shells. Prior to commencement of the full program, extensive tests were conducted to find the best means of deployment. These tests were conducted with non-lethal chemicals which closely matched in weight, boiling point, vapour pressure, flast point, and viscosity the definitive chemical agents. The tests showed rapidly that spray tanks were ineffective. The tests had included tests against defences, including troops with anti-aircraft guns. The tests showed that an aircraft using a spray tank would either not be able to achieve the desired dispersion pattern for the chemical, or would be shot down quickly. The best method discovered in the tests was the use of newly-developed submunitions. Small bomblets released over a wide area created the best pattern.

Meanwhile production of the definitive chemicals proceeded quickly, with the chemical arsenals making by the early 1960's sarin, soman, and VX. By 1967, operational weapons were being delivered to the Army and Air Force.

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