NBC Olympic Games

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| align="center" colspan=3 bgcolor="#ffffff" style="border-bottom:1px solid gray; font-size:150%;" | <span style="color #A9BCF5;">'''Olympic Games'''</span><br />
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| align="center" colspan=3 bgcolor="#ffffff" style="border-bottom:1px solid gray; font-size:150%;" |<span style="color #A9BCF5;">'''Olympic Games'''</span><br />
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/300px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" |'''Organizations'''
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" |'''Main topics'''
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" | Charter ● IOC ● NOCs ● Symbols<br>Sports ● Competitors<br>Medal ● tables ● Medalists ● Ceremonies ● Bidding
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" |[[Bids for NBC Olympic Games|Bids]] • [[List of Olympic Game Boycotts|Boycotts]] • [[Olympic Games Ceremony|Ceremonies]] • [[Olympic Charter|Charter]] • [[List of Olympic Games Host Cities|Host cities]] • [[List of International Sports Federations|IFs]] • [[International Olympic Committee (IOC)|IOC]] • [[Olympic Medal|Medal]] • [[All-Time Olympic Games Medal Table|Medal tables]] • [[Lists of Olympic Medalists|Medalists]] • [[National Olympic Committee (NOC)|NOC]]s • [[Pierre de Coubertin Medal|Pierre de Coubertin medal]] • [[List of Olympic Games Scandals and Controversies|Scandals and controversies]] • [[Olympic Sports|Sports]] • [[Olympic Symbols|Symbols]] • [[List of Olympic Torch Relays|Torch relays]] • [[List of Olympic Venues|Venues]]
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" | '''Games'''
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" |'''Games'''
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" | Ancient Olympic Games<br>[[NBC Summer Olympic Games|Summer Olympic Games]]<br>[[NBC Winter Olympic Games|Winter Olympic Games]]<br>Paralympic Games<br>Youth Olympic Games
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| bgcolor=#ffffff align="center" colspan="3" |[[NBC Summer Olympic Games|Summer]] • [[NBC Winter Olympic Games|Winter]]<br>[[Summer Paralympic Games|Summer Paralympic]] • [[Winter Paralympic Games|Winter Paralympic]]<br>[[Deaflympics]] • [[Youth Olympic Games|Youth]] • [[Special Olympics World Games|Special]]<br>[[Pan American Games|American]] • [[Asian Games|Asian]] • [[Pacific Games|Pacific]] • [[African Games|African]] • [[European Games|European]]<br>[[Ancient Olympic Games|Ancient]] • [[Intercalated Games|Intercalated]]
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The modern '''Olympic Games''' or '''Olympics''' are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of [[Authletes|athletes]] from around the world participate in a [[Multi-Sport Event|variety of competitions]]. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.<ref name="EB" /> The Olympic Games are held every [[Olympiad|four years]], with the [[NBC Summer Olympic Games|Summer]] and [[NBC Winter Olympic Games|Winter Games]] alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.
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Their creation was inspired by the [[Ancient Olympic Games|ancient Olympic Games]], which were held in [[Olympia, Greece]], from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Baron [[Pierre de Coubertin]] founded the [[International Olympic Committee (IOC)|International Olympic Committee]] (IOC) in 1894, leading to the first modern Games in Athens in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the [[Olympic Movement]], with the [[Olympic Charter]] defining its structure and authority.
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The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the [[Winter Olympic Games]] for ice and winter sports, the [[Paralympic Games]] for athletes with a disability, and the [[Youth Olympic Games]] for teenage athletes. The [[Deaflympics]] and [[Special Olympics]] are also endorsed by the IOC. The IOC has had to adapt to a variety of economic, political, and technological advancements.
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The advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete" of the [[Eastern Bloc]] countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage. The [[Soviet Union at the Olympics|Soviet Union]] entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis. As a result, the Olympics has shifted away from pure [[Amateur Sports|amateurism]], as envisioned by Coubertin, to allowing participation of [[Professional Athlete|professional athlete]]s. The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the Games. World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916, 1940, and 1944 Games. Large boycotts during the [[Cold War]] limited participation in the [[NBC Summer Olympics (1980)|1980]] and [[NBC Summer Olympics (1984)|1984]] Games. The latter, however, attracted 140 National Olympic Committees, which was a record at the time.
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The Olympic Movement consists of [[List of International Sport Federations|international sports federations]] (IFs), [[National Olympic Committee (NOC)|National Olympic Committee]]s (NOCs), and organising committees for each specific Olympic Games. As the decision-making body, the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Games, and organises and funds the Games according to the Olympic Charter. The IOC also determines the Olympic programme, consisting of the [[Olympic Sports|sports]] to be contested at the Games. There are several Olympic rituals and symbols, such as the [[Olympic Flag|Olympic flag]] and [[Olympic Flame#Torches|torch]], as well as the [[Olympic Games Ceremony|opening and closing ceremonies]]. Over 13,000 athletes compete at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events. The first, second, and third-place finishers in each event receive [[Olympic Medal|Olympic medal]]s: gold, silver, and bronze, respectively.
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The Games have grown so much that nearly every nation is now represented. This growth has created numerous challenges and [[Olympic Games Scandals and Controversies|controversies]], including [[List of Olympic Games Boycotts|boycotts]], [[Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games|doping]], bribery, and a [[Munich Massacre|terrorist attack in 1972]]. Every two years the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national and sometimes international fame. The Games also constitute an opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world.
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==Ancient Olympics==
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:''Main article: [[Ancient Olympic Games]]''
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[[File:Olympia-stadion.jpg|thumb|left|Stadium in [[Olympia, Greece]]]]
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==Modern Games==
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===Forerunners===
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===Revival===
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===1896 Games===
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:''Main article: [[NBC Summer Olympics (1896)|1896 Summer Olympics]]''
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===Changes and adaptations===
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:''Main article: [[NBC Summer Olympic Games|Summer Olympic Games]]''
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==== Winter Games ====
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:''Main article: [[NBC Winter Olympic Games|Winter Olympic Games]]''
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====Paralympics====
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:''Main article: Paralympic Games''
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====Youth Games====
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:''Main article: Youth Olympic Games''
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===21st-century games===
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===Cost of the Games===
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:''See also: [[Cost of the Olympic Games]]''
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===Economic and social impact on host cities and countries===
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==International Olympic Committee==
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:''Main article: [[International Olympic Committee]]''
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===Criticism===
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==Commercialisation==
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===Under national organising committees===
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===Under IOC control===
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===Budget===
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===Effect of television===
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===Controversy===
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==Cost==
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==Symbols==
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:''Main article [[NBC Olympic Symbols|Olympic symbols]]''
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[[File:Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg|thumb|The [[Olympic flag]]]]
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==Ceremonies==
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:''Main article: [[NBC Olympic Games Ceremony|Olympic Games ceremony]]''
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===Opening===
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[[File:2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony (15).jpg|thumb|Opening ceremony of the [[NBC Summer Olympics (2012)|2012 Summer Olympics]] in [[London]]]]
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===Closing===
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[[File:Birdsclosing.jpg|thumb|left|Athletes gather in the stadium during the closing ceremony of the [[NBC Summer Olympics (2008)|2008 Summer Olympics]] in [[Beijing]].]]
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===Medal presentation===
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==Sports==
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:''Main article: [[NBC Olympic Sports|Olympic sports]]''
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===Amateurism and professionalism===
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====Team Canada====
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==Controversies==
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:''Main article: [[NBC Olympic Games Scandals and Controversies|Olympic Games scandals and controversies]]''
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===Boycotts===
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===Politics===
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===Use of performance enhancing drugs===
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:''Main article: [[Use of Performance-Enhancing Drugs in the Olympic Games|Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games]]''
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====Russian doping scandal====
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===Sex discrimination===
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:''Main article: [[Women at the Olympics]]
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===Terrorism and violence===
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===Colonialism===
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:''Main article: [[Colonialism and the Olympic Games]]
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==Citizenship==
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===IOC rules for citizenship===
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===Reasons for changing citizenship===
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===Citizenship changes and disputes===
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==Champions and medallists==
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:''Further information: [[List of Olympic Medallists|Lists of Olympic medallists]] and [[List of Multiple Olympic Gold Medalists|List of multiple Olympic gold medalists]]''
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==Nations==
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===Nations at the Summer Olympics===
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:''Main article: [[List of Participating Nations of the Summer Olympic Games|List of participating nations at the Summer Olympic Games]]''
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===Nations at the Winter Olympics===
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:''Main article: [[List of Participating Nations of the Winter Olympic Games|List of participating nations at the Winter Olympic Games]]''
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===Host nations and cities===
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[[File:Summer olympics all cities.PNG|thumb|upright=1.35|Map of Summer Olympics locations. Countries that have hosted one Summer Olympics are shaded green, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blue.]]
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[[File:Winter olympics all cities.PNG|thumb|upright=1.35|Map of Winter Olympics locations. Countries that have hosted one Winter Olympics are shaded green, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blue.]]
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:''Main article: [[List of Olympic Games Host Cities|List of Olympic Games host cities]]''
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:''See also: [[List of Olympic Medals by Host Nation|List of Olympic medals by host nation]]''
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==See also==
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{{Columns-list|2|
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* [[All-time Olympic Games Medal Table|All-time Olympic Games medal table]]
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* [[Art Competitions at the Summer Olympics|Art competitions at the Summer Olympics]]
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* [[List of Multi-Sport Events|List of multi-sport events]]
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* [[Paralympic Games]]
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* [[Youth Olympic Games]]
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* [[Olympic Cup]] and [[Olympic Order]]
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* [[Olympic Day Run]]
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* [[Pierre de Coubertin Medal|Pierre de Coubertin medal]]
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* [[Special Olympics]] and [[Deaflympics]]
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* [[SportAccord]]
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* [[World Games]]
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}}
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==Footnotes==
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==References==
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==Further reading==
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==External links==
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{{NBC Olympic Games}}
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{{Nations at the Olympics}}
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{{Sports at the Olympics}}
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{{Olympic Summer Games Host Cities}}
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{{Olympic Winter Games Host Cities}}
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{{Multi-Sport Events}}
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{{Team Sports}}
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{{Olympic Games Results}}
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{{Featured Article}}

Current revision as of 23:17, 10 February 2018

Olympic Games
Main topics
Bids • Boycotts • Ceremonies • Charter • Host cities • IFs • IOC • Medal • Medal tables • Medalists • NOCs • Pierre de Coubertin medal • Scandals and controversies • Sports • Symbols • Torch relays • Venues
Games
Summer • Winter
Summer Paralympic • Winter Paralympic
Deaflympics • Youth • Special
American • Asian • Pacific • African • European
Ancient • Intercalated

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.<ref name="EB" /> The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.

Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, leading to the first modern Games in Athens in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority.

The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Winter Olympic Games for ice and winter sports, the Paralympic Games for athletes with a disability, and the Youth Olympic Games for teenage athletes. The Deaflympics and Special Olympics are also endorsed by the IOC. The IOC has had to adapt to a variety of economic, political, and technological advancements.

The advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage. The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis. As a result, the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism, as envisioned by Coubertin, to allowing participation of professional athletes. The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the Games. World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916, 1940, and 1944 Games. Large boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the 1980 and 1984 Games. The latter, however, attracted 140 National Olympic Committees, which was a record at the time.

The Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations (IFs), National Olympic Committees (NOCs), and organising committees for each specific Olympic Games. As the decision-making body, the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Games, and organises and funds the Games according to the Olympic Charter. The IOC also determines the Olympic programme, consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games. There are several Olympic rituals and symbols, such as the Olympic flag and torch, as well as the opening and closing ceremonies. Over 13,000 athletes compete at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events. The first, second, and third-place finishers in each event receive Olympic medals: gold, silver, and bronze, respectively.

The Games have grown so much that nearly every nation is now represented. This growth has created numerous challenges and controversies, including boycotts, doping, bribery, and a terrorist attack in 1972. Every two years the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national and sometimes international fame. The Games also constitute an opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world.

Contents

[edit] Ancient Olympics

Main article: Ancient Olympic Games
File:Olympia-stadion.jpg
Stadium in Olympia, Greece

[edit] Modern Games

[edit] Forerunners

[edit] Revival

[edit] 1896 Games

Main article: 1896 Summer Olympics

[edit] Changes and adaptations

Main article: Summer Olympic Games

[edit] Winter Games

Main article: Winter Olympic Games

[edit] Paralympics

Main article: Paralympic Games

[edit] Youth Games

Main article: Youth Olympic Games

[edit] 21st-century games

[edit] Cost of the Games

See also: Cost of the Olympic Games

[edit] Economic and social impact on host cities and countries

[edit] International Olympic Committee

Main article: International Olympic Committee

[edit] Criticism

[edit] Commercialisation

[edit] Under national organising committees

[edit] Under IOC control

[edit] Budget

[edit] Effect of television

[edit] Controversy

[edit] Cost

[edit] Symbols

Main article Olympic symbols
File:Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg
The Olympic flag

[edit] Ceremonies

Main article: Olympic Games ceremony

[edit] Opening

File:2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony (15).jpg
Opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London

[edit] Closing

File:Birdsclosing.jpg
Athletes gather in the stadium during the closing ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

[edit] Medal presentation

[edit] Sports

Main article: Olympic sports

[edit] Amateurism and professionalism

[edit] Team Canada

[edit] Controversies

Main article: Olympic Games scandals and controversies

[edit] Boycotts

[edit] Politics

[edit] Use of performance enhancing drugs

Main article: Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games

[edit] Russian doping scandal

[edit] Sex discrimination

Main article: Women at the Olympics

[edit] Terrorism and violence

[edit] Colonialism

Main article: Colonialism and the Olympic Games

[edit] Citizenship

[edit] IOC rules for citizenship

[edit] Reasons for changing citizenship

[edit] Citizenship changes and disputes

[edit] Champions and medallists

Further information: Lists of Olympic medallists and List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

[edit] Nations

[edit] Nations at the Summer Olympics

Main article: List of participating nations at the Summer Olympic Games

[edit] Nations at the Winter Olympics

Main article: List of participating nations at the Winter Olympic Games

[edit] Host nations and cities

File:Summer olympics all cities.PNG
Map of Summer Olympics locations. Countries that have hosted one Summer Olympics are shaded green, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blue.
File:Winter olympics all cities.PNG
Map of Winter Olympics locations. Countries that have hosted one Winter Olympics are shaded green, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blue.
Main article: List of Olympic Games host cities
See also: List of Olympic medals by host nation

[edit] See also

[edit] Footnotes

[edit] References

[edit] Further reading

[edit] External links

Template:NBC Olympic Games Template:Nations at the Olympics Template:Sports at the Olympics Template:Olympic Summer Games Host Cities Template:Olympic Winter Games Host Cities Template:Multi-Sport Events Template:Team Sports Template:Olympic Games Results Template:Featured Article

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