Jeuna

From Geofic

Jeuna, officially the Republic of Jeuna (Jeunese: 郓 共和; pinyin: Yùn Gònghé, also called Yùntiěguó; loosely translated as the Iron Land of Yun) (lately the Transitional Democratic Republic of Jeuna, after an AN mandate which declared the country a State of Special Status), is a developing nation in Southern Limorania. Its capital is the ancient city of Chéngshí Xungchén.

Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2.1 Dayantaran tribes (2500 BCE – CE 25) 2.2 Yun Kingdom (CE 26 – CE 518) 2.3 Kwal-Yun Wars and after 2.4 Dissolution of the Empire 2.5 Kingdom of Jeuna 2.6 First Jeunese Civil War 2.7 Second Jeunese Civil War 2.8 Military coup, overthrow, and reconstruction 3 Government and politics 3.1 Foreign relations 4 Law 5 Military 6 Administrative divisions 7 Geography and climate 8 Economy 9 Education 10 Demographics 11 Culture 12 See also 13 Misc unincorporated data

[edit] Etymology

The name Jeuna probably derives its origins from the term applied to the land around the Swiftriver (Jeunese: Ye Lao) basin, given by northern Neopanic travelers who traded frequently with the nations in the area. It is likely that 'Jeuna' is a bastardisation of 'Yun', which was the name of the royal family that ruled the area until they were brought into the Kwal Empire.

[edit] History

Main article: History of Jeuna

[edit] Dayantaran tribes (2500 BCE – CE 25)

It is likely that the Dayantaran tribes began their ethnogenesis in the middle of the 25th century BCE, whereas before they had been living in the south of Limorania, and even further back, living in Nepania. The tribes dispersed here, as they had elsewhere, and while others would later continue to spread to the north and south, those who would become the Hungali lingered.

[edit] Yun Kingdom (CE 26 – CE 518)

The Yun Kingdom arose in antiquity in the southern area of modern Jeuna, close to the Fehn Shen mountains (see geography) range. Its capital was Chéngshí Xungchén (Jeunese: City of the Stars), and was built upon a shoulder of Mount Yun. Its lineage survived four generations before it began to dwindle, and had, by the time the Kwal Empire began to rise in its place, become a shadow of its former self, though still possessed with a good deal of pride and much grandness.

It was during the second generation that a trade route was established, running south into Nepania, called the Gem Road. Many items were traded along this road, including spices and some servants, but it is chiefly known for its transport of diamonds from middle Nepania northward, hence the name. It is still very important, and many travel on it in remembrance of their past. Several attempts to turn the road into a highway have failed, mostly because of the strong Jeunese sense of tradition coupled with their extreme stubbornness.

[edit] Kwal-Yun Wars and after

Later, when the Kwal Empire turned its interests outward, once it had secured its inner lands, it was only a matter of time before the Yun Kingdom fell under attack (indeed, the kingdom had been surveiled for several years prior, according to official Kwal records of the time, unearthed in 1233). In the year 512, the Empire invaded the northernmost Yun lands. The war that followed was short and bitter, and many soldiers on both sides of the conflict were dead before the conflict was brought to its uneasy truce in 518. Many mountain-dwelling countrymen continued to fight guerilla warfare against the Empire, and it was because of them that the mountains remained largely free of Kwal advances, forcing both merchants and soldiers around to a pass much farther north, where they would march inland through the forests.

[edit] Dissolution of the Empire

In 624, the central area of Limorania was beset by a large crop failure, causing many to die that winter, in what is remembered as the Winter of Tears, among other names. Today, Black Sunday (so named for the black robes that people wear), a national day of remembrance and mourning for the Jeunese people, is set aside to commemorate the deaths. Many of the outlying lands of the Empire broke away after this crisis, following the devastation of the Imperial economy. Jeuna, being closer to the heartland, remained a province of the Empire until 918 when it seceded. It was one of the last to break away.

[edit] Kingdom of Jeuna

Later, a strong nationalist movement, nostalgic for the bygone days of the Yun dynasty, formed a coalition, and founded its capital at Chéngshí Xungchén, the nation's most ancient city, and set up a monarchy. From there, many portions of the former Kingdom were brought under its control, either by willful agreements or in some cases war. The new kingdom would never regain all of the power that the Yun Kingdom once had, but it came quite close. The extent of the kingdom was reached in the year 945.

[edit] First Jeunese Civil War

Main article: First Jeunese Civil War

After over two and a half centuries of rather peaceful living, there arose a strong desire to be rid of the monarchy in the north. Several northern provinces attempted to secede, but were denied by the King in early 1211. Three months after, the provinces seceded anyway, and were declared rogue by the staunchly royalist South. Attempts to reconcile the situation came to naught, and on 6 March 1212, Northern soldiers attacked a Southern outpost in the mountains when soldiers based there attempted to cross the border. There are several who claim that the soldiers were disoriented, but ohthers disagree. Still more say that it was a ploy by the Northern provinces to get Kwaljonite support.

In any case, what followed was a drastic increase in hostilities between the Northern Individualists and the Southern Monarchists, culminating in outright war on November 15th, 1213, when the South declared war on the North, invading them through the lowlands west of the mountains. The war spanned five years, killed more than one million soldiers on both sides, and wrecked much of the farmland (particularly Wilderland, whose grassy meadows had begun to be turned into fields). The nation has yet to recover fully from the devastating effects of the war.

The war ended on May 9th, 1218, with the signing of the Treaty of Baisha, which recognised the sovereignty of the Northern Provinces, who would later form their own nation.

[edit] Second Jeunese Civil War

Main article: Second Jeunese Civil War

Four years after the official end of the first Jeunese civil war, Jeuna was still weakened by its vicious infighting. Many political groups used this to try to gain advantages over one another in the government. The first group to use force was the Democratic Socialist Party, who stormed the capital on 9 July 1222 to try to depose the monarch and install a Socialist state. This ultimately succeeded in its first, more immediate goal, but failed to actually hold onto the capital. Communists, Republicans, Authorists, and Fascists all descended upon the capital to oust the last regime and install their own. Many more smaller groups used the chaos generated by the attacks in the nearby towns and cities to overtake them and establish a base of power, from which they would launch attacks at one another.

This second civil war lasted for a shorter time, but was even more deadly and destructive, wiping out several communities and severely diminishing others. The fighting ended for the most part in mid-1224, mostly because each group was far too tired and weakened to fight any longer. The monarchy never came back in the South, and was instead replaced by a republic.

[edit] Military coup, overthrow, and reconstruction

The situation engendered by the Second Civil War remained largely unchanged for eighty years, with only a few uprisings, which came to little. However, the republic's small military force had slowly been gathering followers, in preparation for a major coup d'état, which records and testimonials indicate could have been planned as early as 1256.

In 1303, the military, in a coordinated strike, deposed the republican government, and installed Xu Pinhan, then the commanding general. His rule was short and hard, and is widely criticised by prominent Eastern nations, but within his regime's time the Jeunese region saw the removal of many paramilitary and rebel groups, and to a large degree the stablisation of the nation.

In 1306, the military junta was overthrown by a small group of soldiers unsatisfied with General Pinhan's totalitarian rule. These soldiers—mostly lieutenants and light captains—quickly went about the business of installing a parliamentary government, and in September of that year requested the aid of the AN in rebuilding their nation's infrastructure and political stability, promising to step down as soon as the government could run itself.

[edit] Government and politics

Main article: Politics of Jeuna

Jeuna is a constitutional Parliamentary democracy, organised into a deliberative democracy with an executive, judicial and legislative branch. The legislature, called the National Congress (Jeunese: 国民大会; Pinyin: Guómín Dàhuì), often abbreviated as the JNC (Jeunese:国大; Pinyin: Guódà) is bicameral.

Following the reformation of the Jeunese government in 1303–1307, the cabinet, including the Prime Minister and other senior ministers, collectively make up the government. These ministers are drawn from, and are responsible to, Parliament.

The upper body of Parliament, the Upper House (Jeunese: 上下; pinyin: Shàngxià), appoints ministers to government posts. Most ministers are members of, and answerable to, the Lower House (Jeunese: 房下; pinyin: Fángxià). Both the Upper and Lower Houses are not hereditary, and both are elected by the people, but members of each serve different terms (five in the Upper; two in the Lower), and have differing powers.

[edit] Foreign relations

Jeuna is and always has been a very isolationist nation, and so does not have many dealings with foreign countries; those that it does have that are of note are negative, and are directed at Kwaljon, for their ancestors' occupation of the Yun Kingdom lands. Jeuna is not active in any international organisation, except in the AN by default, as it is a Special Status State (although it does not have representation in the General Assembly).

[edit] Law

Jeunese law largely derives from a civil background—that is, law mandated by the State. The most ancient of these laws, and the foundation for modern Jeunese law, was the Decrees of Yun (Jeunese: 恽旨; pinyin: Yùnzhǐ). These Decrees declared stealing, rape and murder, among other things, to be illegal, and laid out punishments for them, largely different for each crime. Jeuna still uses capital punishment for severe crimes, such as treason, rape, and murder.

[edit] Military

Main article: Military of Jeuna

Jeuna's military is composed of pseudo-conscripts, and generally uses equipment from xx. The Jeunese military is not a conscript military in the traditional sense, however, in that citizens are not drawn into a standing official body, but are rather deemed soldiers upon their twenty-second birthday, which is the age of adulthood in Jeuna. At any point, the Jeunese king (whose powers have largely been transferred to the Transitionary Democratic Parliament) could declare a state of war, and thus call up the entire nation's population as his army.

This remains true today, and the only semi-official military unit are the Jǐaungfang Jìnxíngqǔ, who act as a sort of inner-city vigilante enforcer group, though they are sponsored by the government. There are several splinter groups that operate in the mountainous countryside, known as the Piaobó.

[edit] Administrative divisions

[edit] Geography and climate

Jeuna is largely temperate, being shorn up against a mountain range (named in Jeunese Fehn Shen; 薄霧 山, or the Misty Mountains, as it is commonly translated). It's eastern edge is very mountainous and hilly, while the thin strip of lowlands to the east includes a line of tropical forest and a large grassland to the north, which is called Chaungpi Lao (猖披 坴), or 'Wild land', alternately translated as 'Wilderland'.

[edit] Economy

Main article: Economy of Jeuna

Because of Jeuna's largely still-developing status, the Jeunese economy is still based largely around agriculture, fishing and mining, and trades almost exclusively with itself, with very little export or import. However, Jeuna's economy is rapidly diversifying, and the government has allowed select corporations in high standing to set up business in the nation.

Of particular note is the developing communications network, sponsored largely by xx. Seemingly quixotically, the sector has blossomed in Jeuna. Other industries that are becoming more and more advanced are the IT field and manufacturing (particularly heavy machinery).

[edit] Education

[edit] Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Jeuna

Age structure:

• 0-14 years: 00% (male 0,000,000; female 0,000,000)
• 15-64 years: 00% (male 0,000,000; female 0,000,000)
• 65 years and over: 0% (male 000,000; female 000,000) (1300 est.)

Population growth rate:

• 0.00% (1304 est.)

Birth rate:

• 00.00 births/1,000 population (1304 est.)

Death rate:

• 0.00 deaths/1,000 population (1304 est.)

Net migration rate:

• 0.00 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1304 est.)

Sex ratio:

• at birth: 0.98 male(s)/female
• under 15 years: 0.86 male(s)/female
• 15-64 years: 0.79 male(s)/female
• 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female
• total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (1304 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

• total: 00.00 deaths/1,000 live births
• male: 00.00 deaths/1,000 live births
• female: 00.00 deaths/1,000 live births (1304 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

• total population: 75.72 years
• male: 00.00 years
• female: 00.00 years (1304 est.)

Total fertility rate:

• 0.0 children born/woman (1304 est.)

[edit] Culture

Like many other nations bordering it, Jeuna provided special opportunities for those who did well on periodically-issued national tests, which were attached to a census form, both for males alone. Women were not allowed to receive special benefits until 1067, although these were still limited.

In Jeunese culture, much like most Limoranian cultures, the sea is very important. Even in the mountainous west, Jeunese still pray to Haiou (海后; lit. 'sea-empress') for protection from her husband Haibi's (海辟) wrath, who causes typhoons.

[edit] See also

Main article: List of Jeuna-related topics

• Communications in Jeuna
• Elections in Jeuna
• Environmental issues in Jeuna
• Foreign relations of Jeuna
• Jeunese historical figures
• Jeunese cuisine
• Media of Jeuna
• Postage stamps and postal history
• Schools in Jeuna
• Sports in Jeuna
• Tourism in Jeuna
• Transportation in Jeuna

[edit] Misc unincorporated data

• Life expectancy (total): 75.72 years
• LE Index: 0.845
• Adult literacy rate: 82.6%
• Combined enrollment ratio: 79.3%
• Education Index: 0.815
• GDP Index: 0.479

• President (born): 26 March 1271 (year of the Pig; Metal)
• PM (born): 17 August 1265 (year of the Snake; Wood)