Dorne
From Asoiaf
Dorne is the southern most part of Westeros. To the northwest Dorne borders the Reach
History
Nymeria, warrior queen of the Rhoyne, landed in Dorne with ten thousand ships and married Mors Martell, Lord of Sunspear. With her help Mors vanquised his rivals to rule all of Dorne.
Dorne alone of the Seven Kingdoms was not conquered by Aegon the Dragon.
Daeron I Targaryen, King of the Seven Kingdoms was fourteen when he conquered Dorne. The conquest lasted a summer and he lost ten thousand men taking the place and fifty trying to hold it.
Dorne was united with the rest of the Seven Kingdoms when King Daeron II married Princess Myriah Martell and gave his own sister to the reigning Prince of Dorne.
Lyanna Stark died of fever in the mountains of Dorne, her brother Eddard Stark, Lord of Winterfell, holding her hand. He promised to bury her at Winterfell. He held her hand until others found him. Howland Reed removed his hand.
Eddard Stark killed Ser Arthur Dayne in single combat and brought Ser Arthur's sword back to his sister Ashara Dayne, who was waiting in the castle Starfall on the shores of the Summer Sea.
Culture
The Rhoynar has had a significant impact on the culture of Dorne. Dornish rulers style themselves Prince rather than King. Under Dornish law, lands and titles pass to the eldest child, not the eldest male.