Aryezi
From Aryez
Aryezi is the main language of Aryez, spoken by most of the country's inhabitants. It is the sole surviving Aryezic Language, spoken in four main dialects: Aryeji in northern and central Aryez, Aryesi is southern Aryez, Aryezizdari on the continent-island of Aryezizdar, and Arzori in Arzor; Arzori is often considered a seperate language for political purposes. All four dialects are variants of Modern Aryezi, and language descended from Classical Aryezi or Aryeza. Modern Standard Aryezi is based on the Aryeji grammar and Aryesi vocabulary (both of which are closest to Aryeza in their respective cases). Aryezi is the sole official language of Aryez and Aryezizdar and an official language in the Arnori states (Arnor), Arzor, and has significant status in parts of Arzdar, Loninya, Mandoria, and Chu.
The Aryezi language contains a rich body of literature and is known as a language of art, science, cultural, religion, and poetry. It was originally written in one of the Arnori scripts (Afrit or Arthad) before switching to the native Neyatetar which is derived from Afrit.
The earliest attested stage of Aryezi, Old Aryezi was a highly inflected language full of grammatical complexities. It had 10 cases: 1) Nominative, 2) Accusative, 3) Dative (to), 4) Genitive (of), 5) Instrumental (with), 6) Ablative (from), 7) Locative/Tempral (at, by), 8) Lative (to, till), 9) Vocative ("O Lord"), and 10) Oblique (everything else, states of being). Furthermore, it had 5 "genders": male animate, female inanimate, neutral animate, inanimate physical objects, and non-physical objects. It had 5 numbers: zero, singular, dual, triple, and plural. Verbs had 8 moods: indicative, imperative/volitional (command, intention), energetic (emphasis), optative (wish, want), potential (to be able to), passive, conditional (if, would, should), subjunctive (may, might). It was also characterized by an extensive article system- indefinite, definite, partitive, and general.
Aryezi is the direct descendant of Classical Aryezi, or Aryeza. Aryeza was, and is, the formal and literary language of Aryez and surrounding countries, playing a role like that of Latin or Sanskrit in our world. Aryeza was significantly more simple than Old Aryezi, although it was still inflected. Unlike in Aryezi, it has prepositions and not postpositions It has 5 cases: 1) Nominative, 2) Accusative, 3) Dative, 4) Genitive, and 5) Oblique. All the previously existent Old Aryezi cases merged into the Oblique case except the Vocative which merged into the Dative. It had 3-4 genders: 1) Animate [which split into masculine and feminine only when referring to specifically male or female objects], 2) Inanimate Physical, and 3) Inanimate non-Physical. It has 3 numbers: 1) Zero, 2) Singular, and 3) Plural. It has 6 verbal moods having lost the Subjunctive and the Energetic. Verbs have two states: transitive and intransitive, and only 9 tenses: 1) Present, 2) Present Progressive, 3) Past, 4) Past Progressive/ Imperfect, 5) Future, 6) Future Progressive, 7) Present Perfect, 8) Past Perfect, and 9) Future Perfect.
Declination for -a nouns: a, i, o, u, e Declination for -e nouns: e, a, o, u, i Declination for -vowel other than a/e nouns: vowel, -t, -k, -v, -r Declination for consonant ending nouns: consonant, -i, -o, -u, -e
Genders: ë/j, i/l, ö/h, a/r
Modern Aryezi has two "genders". These are the 1) Non-Abstract, which represents a fusion of the animate and non-animate physical, and 2) the Abstract. endings are -a and -e respectively. HOWEVER, many, in fact, the majority of nouns whether abstract or not do not end in either -a or -e and thus all non -a/-e nouns act the same and change the same way. The case system no longer exists, having given way to postpositions. HOWEVER, there are some vestigial case endings for the genitive case.
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Basic Characteristics
Aryezi is today written in the Neyatetar, more commonly know as just the Aryezi script. The Aryezi script is an alphabetical script of around fifty letters which represent all the distinct sounds found in Aryezi. The Aryezi script can either be written horizontally from left to right or vertically from left to right. Writing Aryezi vertically is more considered more professional and scholarly, while horizontal writing is more colloquial.
In terms of word forms, almost all Aryezi words with the exception of pronouns, connecting words, and postpositions are either grouped as nouns or verbs. Adjectives and adverbs are derived from the nouns and verbs.
Aryezi verbs either end in /a/ or /z/ in the intransitive. If the same verb is transitive, it will end in /ai/ or /s/. -a verbs become nouns by changing their ending to /e/, adjectives /i/ and adverbs /o/. -z verbs change likewise by changing their endings to /c/, /r/, and /j/ respectively. Aryezi verbs change tense through a series of changes in vowel endings (for a verbs) or vowel additions (z verbs). Mood and voice are reflected through additions. The special verbs al and ar, to be, are of a class of their own.
Aryezi nouns may end in any vowel or consonant. If the word ends in a vowel, it can be converted to verb, adjective, and adverb respectively by adding /r/,/z/,and/v/. If it ends in a consonant, /a/, /i/, and /o/ are added. Ha denotes "ism." Pluralization is achieved by adding /n/ to vowel endings and /ai/ to consonant endings but there are two cases of exception. Nouns ending in /a/ instead end in /ai/ in plural cases while nouns ending in /e/ do not change in the plural.
Aryezi makes use of a series of prepositions to place words in relation to each other. As a result, case is defined by prepositions. Word order is flexible as a result, but generally word order is either Subject-Object-Verb (formal) or Subject-Verb-Object (less formal).
Brief History
The origins of Aryezi are unknown as Aryezi has no surviving relatives anywhere else in the world. It is probable that the ancestors of the Aryezi People were somewhere from Arnor or a neighboring region. These proto-Aryezi were displaced and dissapeared from history when the more advanced ancestors of the Arnori moved in as they fled the expansion of the empire of Arzdar. Arnori seems to be distantly related to Aryezi.
It is likely that the early Aryezi were these displaced people who island hopped to the islands that would later become Aryez. Upon reaching the central islands, they spread north and south taking their language with them. Soon, kingdoms and cheifdoms began forming.In Aryez, the Aryezi ancestors encountered two groups of people. One was an indigenously group that was quickly absorbed into Aryezi, although some tribal languages survive in southern Aryez. The other was another migrating group, Kareili, migrating south from Mandoria (this group would be displaced in all of Mandoria itself except for the north by the Mandorians). Their language mixed with proto Aryezi to become the foundation of Aryezi.
At this stage, the language was known was Old Aryezi. Old Aryezi came in contact with the more advanced civilization of Arnor and Arzdar, from which it borrowed writing (from Arnor), and large amounts of vocabulary and culture (mostly from Arzdar). At this stage, the Aryezi language became a classical language of culture upon the unification of Aryez and combined native Aryezi elements with Arzdari elements. Around the time of unification, borrowing from other languages stopped because Aryezi itself became a prominent language and was spread by conquest to new places. It also took root in parts of Arzor as that region was conquered by Aryez (especially Ardor). Aryeza was more of a practical, gruff language. As the Aryezi empire receeded, Aryeza evolved into Modern Aryezi, a language that was taken by settlers to Aryezizdar and spread by the new Ardori/Arzori empire throughout all of Arzor. Modern Aryezi is a more soft, poetic, and romantic language.
TO BE UPDATED
Evolution from Aryeza
Aryezi and Aryeza has many different unrelated words for the same idea (introducted later in Aryezi or derived from different roots), or Aryezi words have evolved in many ways from Aryeza. As a result, there are many different words in the two languages. Examples include (Aryezi/Aryeza): öi/ëa (universe), perz/arda (earth), ülül/eden (people), zeher/khör (lord), ceher/öre (heart,soul), ruya/örora (dawn), skai (dragon), star (ice), and khua (law).
Phonology
Vowels
Modern Aryezi has 13 vowel sounds and 4 diphthongs (combination of vowel sounds), a grand total of 17 vowel sounds. These are (displayed in the Aryezi Roman Alphabet and IPA):
1. ä [@] >> "uh"
2. a [a] >> "ah"
3. e [E] >> "eh"
4. ë [e] >> "ey"
5. ï [I] >> "ih"
6. i [i] >> "ee"
7. ö [O] >> "au"
8. o [o] >> "oh"
9. ü [U] >> "uu"
10. u [u] >> "oo"
11. î [M] >> "eu"
12. û [y] >> "ui"
13. ê [3] >> "ae"
14. ai [ai] >> "ai"
15. ëi [ei] >> "ei"
16. öi [Oi] >> "oi"
17. ao [ao] >> "ou"
Consonants
TO BE UPDATED. SORRY FOR THE LACK OF INFORMATION.
Script
Aryezi is most commonly written in its own script, the Aryezi Script (see Aryezi Scripts).
Grammar
TO BE UPDATED. SORRY FOR THE LACK OF INFORMATION.
