Brazilian Imperial Navy

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Revision as of 20:31, 26 October 2013

The Brazilian Imperial Navy (Portuguese: Marinha Imperial Brasileira, or "MIB") is the branch of the Brazilian military tasked with the maritime defense of the nation. It has approximately 252,000 personnel in active service and 82,000 in the reserves. The navy includes three 20,000 personnel-strong Marine Corps divisions (two in active service, one in reserve) and the 10,000 personnel-strong Coast Guard. Admiral Pablo Inácio Neto commands the navy.

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Organization

The navy is organized into several operational fleets, which are as follows:

Amphibious fleet

The amphibious fleet has permanently assigned amphibious vessels to transport Army personnel. A small number of frigates are assigned to the fleet on a short-term basis to act as escorts.

Battle fleet

The battle fleet is comprised of the navy's battleships and the majority of its destroyers, frigates, and corvettes, assigned on a long-term basis.

Aviation fleet

The aviation fleet is assigned aircraft carriers, which are escorted by destroyers and frigates (assigned on a long-term basis).

Submarine fleet

The navy's submarines are all assigned to this fleet - as can be surmised by the name.

Inventory

Surface combatants

Battleships

• 2 Rio de Janeiro class battleships
  • 8 MQ-8 Fire Scout UAVs

Cruisers

• 12 Ticonderoga class guided missile cruisers
  • 1 HH-60H Rescue Hawk combat search and rescue helicopter
  • 1 MH-60R Seahawk multimission maritime helicopter

Destroyers

• 20 Arleigh Burke class guided missile destroyers
  • 2 SH-60B Seahawk multimission maritime helicopters

Frigates

• 10 Horizon class anti-air warfare frigates
  • 1 NHI NH90 NATO Frigate Helicopter
• 15 Niterói class frigates
  • 1 Super Lynx 300 maritime attack helicopter

Corvettes

• 8 Inhaúma class corvettes
  • 1 Super Lynx 300 maritime attack helicopter

Aircraft carriers

• 4 Dom Pedro II class supercarriers
  • 50 F/A-18C Hornet multirole fighters
  • 15 F/A-18E/F Super Hornet carrier-borne strike fighters
  • 5 EA-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft
  • 6 RC-12D Huron electronic surveillance aircraft
  • 4 E-2D Advanced Hawkeye AEW aircraft
  • 2 C-2R Greyhound carrier borne transports
  • 6 Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk multimission maritime helicopters
    • 2 SH-60B Seahawk surface warfare helicopters
    • 2 SH-60F Oceanhawk anti-submarine warfare and search and rescue helicopters
    • 2 HH-60H Rescue Hawk combat search and rescue helicopters
  • 12 Eurocopter Panther utility helicopters
    • 3 AS 565 MA/MB naval search and rescue helicopters
    • 3 AS 565 SA/SB anti-submarine warfare helicopters
    • 3 AS 565 N3 maritime patrol and surveillance helicopters
    • 3 Panther 800 light utility helicopters

Submarines

• 21 Los Angeles class nuclear attack submarines (SSN)
• 10 Type 209 class guided missile submarines (SSG)
• 10 Scorpène class guided missile submarines (SSG)
• 6 Typhoon class ballistic missile submarines (SSBN)
• 3 Ohio class cruise missile submarines (SSGN)

Mine warfare vessels

• 5 Avenger class mine countermeasures ships
• 5 Osprey class coastal minehunters

Amphibious ships

Amphibious assault ships

• 4 Tarawa class amphibious assault ships (LHA)
  • 16 CH-46A Sea Knight assault helicopters
  • 5 CH-53E Super Stallion heavy-lift cargo helicopters
  • 4 UH-1N Twin Huey multipurpose utility helicopters
• 6 Wasp class amphibious assault ships (LHD)
  • 6 AV-8B Harrier II STOVL strike aircraft
  • 4 AH-1W SuperCobra attack helicopters
  • 12 CH-46A Sea Knight assault helicopters
  • 3 CH-53E Super Stallion heavy-lift cargo helicopters
  • 3 UH-1N Twin Huey multipurpose utility helicopters

Amphibious command ship

• 1 Blue Ridge class command ship

Landing Ship, Dock

• 6 Whidbey Island class Landing Ship, Dock (LSD)
• 4 Harper's Ferry class Landing Ship, Dock (LSD)
• 4 Bay class Landing Ship, Dock (LSD)

Landing Port, Dock

• 7 LPD 4 Austin class Landing Port, Dock (LPD)
• 5 San Antonio class Landing Port, Dock (LPD)

Landing Ship, Tank

• 9 Newport class Landing Ship, Tank (LST)

Auxillaries

Fast combat support ships

• 5 Supply class fast combat support ships
  • 3 MH-60S Knighthawk transport and vertical replenishment helicopters

Fleet replenishment oilers

• 5 Henry J. Kaiser class oilers
  • 1 MH-60S Knighthawk transport and vertical replenishment helicopter

Salvage ships

• 2 Alte. Guilhem class salvage tugs

Submarine tenders

• 2 Emory S. Land class submarine tenders

Tankers

• 1 Alte. Gastão Motta class tanker
• 1 Marajó class tanker
• 1 Potengi class tanker

Hospital ships

• 2 Dr. Montenegro class hospital ships

Cargo ships

• 3 Fast Sealift Ship cargo ships
• 5 Lewis and Clark class dry cargo ships
  • 2 MH-60S Knighthawk transport and vertical replenishment helicopters

Naval aviation

The navy also has a large aviation element, comprising numerous aircraft, whose roles include the following:

1. Fleet
2. Strike
3. Ground attack
4. Reconnaissance
5. Anti-submarine warfare
6. Anti-surface warfare
7. Replenishment-at-sea
8. Support of amphibious operations
9. Search and rescue

The naval aviation's inventory is listed as follows (note that these do not include aircraft stationed on carriers and other ships, or aircraft assigned to the Marine Corps):

Fixed-wing aircraft

• AV-8B Harrier II STOVL jet multirole aircraft
• C-2R Greyhound carrier borne transport
• E-2D Advanced Hawkeye AEW aircraft
• EA-6B Prowler electronic warfare aircraft
• F/A-18C Hornet multirole fighter
• F/A-18E/F Super Hornet carrier-borne strike fighter
  • EA-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft
• RC-12D Huron electronic surveillance aircraft
• T-45A Goshawk naval trainer

Helicopters

• AH-1W SuperCobra attack helicopter
• CH-46A Sea Knight assault helicopter
• CH-53E Super Stallion heavy-lift cargo helicopter
• Eurocopter Panther utility helicopter
  • AS 565 UA/UB: Utility version
  • AS 565 AA/AB: Attack version
  • AS 565 MA/MB: Naval search and rescue version
  • AS 565 SA/SB: Anti-submarine warfare version
  • Panther 800: Light utility version
• MH-53E Sea Dragon mine countermeasures helicopter
• NHI NH90 medium transport/utility helicopter
  • NHI NH90 NATO Frigate Helicopter
  • NHI NH90 Tactical Transport Helicopter
• Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk multimission maritime helicopter
  • SH-60B Seahawk: Surface warfare version
  • SH-60F Oceanhawk: Anti-submarine warfare and search and rescue version
  • HH-60H Rescue Hawk: Combat search and rescue version
  • MH-60S Knighthawk: Transport and vertical replenishment version
• UH-1N Twin Huey multipurpose utility helicopter
• Westland Super Lynx 300 maritime attack helicopter

UAVs

• MQ-8 Fire Scout

Brazilian Imperial Marine Corps

The Brazilian Imperial Marine Corps (Portuguese: Corpo Marinho Imperial Brasileiro, or CMIB) is a naval amphibious force responsible for providing power projection from the sea utilizing the mobility of the Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces. The CMIB has the unique ability to rapidly deploy a combined-arms task force to almost anywhere in the world within days. The basic structure for all deployed units is a marine air-ground task force that integrates a ground combat component, an air component, and a logistics combat component under a common command element. Marines operate under principles of self-sufficiency, stealth, speed, and close teamwork, and are internationally considered to be among the best in the world. The CMIB's ability to rapidly respond to regional crises has made it, and continues to make it, an important body in the implementation and execution of Brazilian foreign policy. General Luís Alencar is the commander of the CMIB.

Individual weapons

Pistols

• Jericho 941 9mm semi-automatic pistol
• SP-21 9mm semi-automatic pistol
• Desert Eagle .357 Magnum semi-automatic pistol
• Glock 18 9x19mm machine pistol
• Heckler & Koch P9S 9x19mm suppressed pistol
• Heckler & Koch P11 7.62mm underwater pistol

Shotguns

• Saiga-12 .410 shotgun
• Franchi SPAS-15 12 gauge shotgun

Submachine guns/carbines

• PP-19 Bizon 9x18mm submachine gun
• Micro Uzi 250mm submachine gun
• M4A1 5.56x45mm carbine

Rifles

• APS 5.66x39mm underwater assault rifle
• AK-74M 5.45x39mm assault rifle
• Heckler & Koch G36 5.56x45mm assault rifle
• Heckler & Koch HK416 5.56x45mm assault rifle
• Heckler & Koch G3A6 7.62x51mm battle rifle
• FN FAL 7.62x51mm battle rifle
• Dragunov SVU 7.62x54R sniper rifle
• Accuracy International AS50 .50 BMG sniper rifle
• SR-25 7.62x51mm semi-automatic sniper rifle

Machine guns

• M2 Browning .50 cal heavy machine gun
• FN MAG 7.62x51mm medium machine gun
• Rheinmetall MG3 7.62x51mm general purpose machine gun
• IMI Negev 5.56mm light machine gun

Grenade launchers/assault weapons

• AG-C/GLM 40mm grenade launcher
• Milkor XRGL40 40mm grenade launcher
• M203 40mm grenade launcher
• M79 40mm grenade launcher
• Mk 19 40mm grenade machine gun
• FGM-172 SRAW
• M136 AT4
• M72 LAW
• M40 105mm recoilless rifle
• Carl Gustav 84mm recoilless rifle

Marine Corps division

The marine division forms a rapid reaction force designed to conduct amphibious combat operations in defense of Brazil.

It has the following advantages:

1. Readiness within 72 hours
2. Small logistical footprint
3. Excellent tactical mobility

However, it has one notable disadvantage:

1. Lack of independence

The marine division consists of the following:

• 3 marine brigades
• 1 divisional aviation brigade
• Headquarters
  • 120 personnel with armored vehicles under the command of a Major-General

Marine brigade

A marine brigade is organized as follows:

• 4 marine infantry battalions
• 1 tank battalion
• 1 artillery battalion
• 1 aviation battalion
• 1 engineer battalion
• 1 reconnaissance squadron
• 1 support battalion
• Headquarters
  • 30 personnel commanded by a Brigadier

Marine infantry battalion

Each marine infantry battalion is comprised of 4 infantry companies, a fire support company, an engineer platoon, a logistics company, a reconnaissance platoon, and a headquarters.

The infantry company consists of 3 platoons and 1 company headquarters. Each platoon has three Expeditionary Fighting Vehicles (EFV) for each of its three squads. The squad's personnel include the section leader, two machine gunners, two grenadiers, and four riflemen, one of whom is a sniper. In these vehicles there are also the platoon commanding officer, the platoon executive officer, the platoon sergeant, and the medic. The Company Headquarters has two EFVs (carrying the company CO, the company XO, the radio unit, three medics, the company sergeant-major, and a MQ-8 Fire Scout UAV unit with two UAVs).

The fire support company consists of the following:

• Direct fire platoon
  • 8 BMP-3M
• Indirect fire platoon
  • 8 2S31 Vena 120mm self-propelled mortars
• Air defense platoon
  • 8 2K22M Tunguska-M1
• Anti-tank platoon
  • 4 9P162 Kornet-T
  • 4 9P157 Krizantema-S
• Headquarters
  • 1 BMP-3K

The engineer platoon has two BREM-L armored recovery vehicles and two DZM Vostorg-2 combat engineer vehicles.

The logistics company consists of the following vehicles: ten M973 Small Unit Support Vehicles and sixteen BVS10 All Terrain Armored Vehicles.

The reconnaissance platoon has four ERC 90 Sagaie reconnaissance vehicles, two EFVs, and four HMMWVs (two of which carry the MQ-8 Fire Scout UAV). The unit also includes a sniper section and two scout sections.

Headquarters is commanded by a colonel with a ten man staff, guarded by twenty security troops, and has two Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle Command Platforms and four EFVs.

Tank battalion

The tank battalion comprises 4 tank squadrons, a fire support company, an engineer platoon, a logistics company, a reconnaissance platoon, and a headquarters.

Each tank squadron consists of thirteen T-90 main battle tanks. These T-90s differ in that they have: a co-axial Rheinmetall MG3 replacing the PKT; an M2 Browning heavy machine gun in place of the 12.7mm machine gun carried on stock models; completely different communications and navigation equipment that are compatible with the equipment used by the rest of the Marine Corps; and a Western-style snorkel fitted over the commander's hatch for fording operations, as opposed to the standard tank's narrow tube, which cannot be used for escape.

The tank battalion's fire support company is noticeably smaller than that of the infantry battalion, consisting only of an indirect fire platoon and an air defense platoon (both organizationally similar to their counterparts in the marine infantry battalion).

The remaining units are identical to their counterparts in the infantry battalion, except for the engineer platoon, which uses two IMR-3 combat engineer vehicles.

Artillery battalion

• 2 field artillery batteries
  • 8 Rascal 155mm self-propelled howitzers
  • 1 EFV Command Platform
• 1 rocket battery
  • 8 Astros II self-propelled multiple rocket launchers
  • 1 EFV Command Platform
• 1 air defense battery
  • 8 Rapier FSC
• Headquarters
  • 1 EFV Command Platform

Aviation battalion

• 12 AH-1Z Viper attack helicopters
• 12 CH-46D Sea Knight assault/medium utility helicopters
• 12 NHI NH90 Tactical Transport Helicopters
• 8 MV-22B Osprey transports
• 8 MQ-8 Fire Scout UAVs

Engineer battalion

• 12 BREM-L armored recovery vehicles
• 12 MTU-90 bridge layer tanks
• 8 M3 Amphibious Rigs
• 12 IMR-3 combat engineer vehicles
• 4 FV180 Combat Engineer Tractors

Reconnaissance squadron

• 12 ERC 90 Sagaie
• 3 HMMWVs

Support battalion

• Logistics
  • 10 M1093 5-ton standard cargo trucks
  • 12 M1091 fuel/water tankers
  • 6 M1089 wreckers
  • 20 M973A2 Small Unit Support Vehicles
  • 20 BVS10 All Terrain Armored Vehicles
  • 10 MK14 Flatbeds
  • 10 MK16 Fifth-wheels
  • 10 MK17 Material Handling Cranes
  • 10 MK18A1 Self-Loaders
• Medical
  • 12 M997 Maxi-Ambulances
• Military Intelligence
  • 2 HMMWVs (carrying MQ-8 Fire Scout UAVs)
• Military Police
  • 6 EE-13 Víbora armored cars
• Signals Corps
  • 2 R-149BMR signals vehicles
• Chemical Corps
  • 2 M93A1 Fox NBC reconnaissance vehicles

Divisional aviation brigade

• 20 Embraer C-390 medium transports
• 16 NHI NH90 Tactical Transport Helicopters
• 12 CH-46D Sea Knight assault/medium utility helicopters
• 12 AV-8B Harrier II STOVL strike aircraft

Brazilian Imperial Coast Guard

The Brazilian Imperial Coast Guard (Portuguese: Guarda Costeira Imperial Brasileiro, or GCIB) is tasked primarily with conducting anti-piracy and anti-smuggling patrols of the nation's shorelines, harbors, rivers, and lakes, but also performs search-and-rescue missions and works to minimize illegal entry into the country. It operates 225 boats and 115 aircraft. Vice-Admiral Julio Martins Saito is the current commander of the GCIB. The GCIB uses the same ranks and insignia as the navy, except that there are no ranks above Vice-Admiral.

Equipment

Individual weapons

• SP-21 9mm semi-automatic pistol
• Glock 18 9x19mm machine pistol
• Heckler & Koch P9S 9x19mm suppressed pistol
• Heckler & Koch P11 7.62mm underwater pistol
• Franchi SPAS-15 12 gauge shotgun
• M4A1 5.56x45mm carbine
• APS 5.66x39mm underwater assault rifle
• Heckler & Koch HK416 5.56x45mm assault rifle
• Accuracy International AS50 .50 BMG sniper rifle
• FN MAG 7.62x51mm medium machine gun
• IMI Negev 5.56mm light machine gun

Boats

• 125 Patrol Boat, River (PBR) patrol boats
• 50 Fast Patrol Craft (PCF) patrol boats
• 10 Armidale class patrol boats
• 5 River class patrol vessels
• 5 Kingston class patrol vessels
• 30 Combat Boat 90 fast military assault craft

Aircraft

Fixed-wing

• 5 HC-130 combat search and rescue aircraft
• 4 HU-25A Guardian search and rescue aircraft
• 4 Neiva Regente 420L Air Observation Posts
• 12 Embraer P-95 maritime patrol aircraft
• 12 Embraer P-99 maritime patrol aircraft
• 12 HC-144A maritime patrol aircraft
• 4 Embraer R-95 aerial survey aircraft

Helicopters

• 25 HH-60 Jayhawk search and rescue helicopters
• 15 HH-65 Dolphin medical evacuation/search and rescue helicopters
• 10 MH-68A Stingray short-range armed interdiction helicopters
• 4 NHI NH90 Tactical Transport Helicopters

UAVs

• 8 Bell Eagle Eyes