Editing Secretary-General of the United Nations
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==Role == | ==Role == | ||
| - | [[Image:Dag | + | [[Image:Dag Hammarskjöld june 1959.jpg|thumb|240px|right|[[Dag Hammarskjöld]] was an unusually active UN Secretary-General from 1953 to his death in 1961. Hammarskjöld acted as a mediator during the Suez Crisis and the 1960 capture of a US reconnaissance plane by the USSR. He also established the United Nations Emergency Force, which was the first UN peacekeeping force. |
The Secretary-General was envisioned by [[United States|U.S.]] [[President of the United States|president]] Franklin D. Roosevelt as a "world moderator" but the office was defined in the [[UN Charter]] as the organization's "chief administrative officer" (Article 97). Nevertheless, this more restricted description has not prevented the office holders from speaking out and playing important roles on global issues, to various degrees. | The Secretary-General was envisioned by [[United States|U.S.]] [[President of the United States|president]] Franklin D. Roosevelt as a "world moderator" but the office was defined in the [[UN Charter]] as the organization's "chief administrative officer" (Article 97). Nevertheless, this more restricted description has not prevented the office holders from speaking out and playing important roles on global issues, to various degrees. | ||
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In the early 1960s, Soviet ruler Nikita Khrushchev led an effort to abolish the Secretary-General position. The numerical superiority of the Western powers meant that the Secretary-General would come from one of them, and would typically be sympathetic towards the West. Khrushchev advanced a proposal to replace the Secretary-General with a three-person leading council (a "troika"): one member from the Western world, one from the Communist bloc, and one from the Non-Aligned Movement powers. This idea failed because the neutral powers failed to back the Soviet proposal. | In the early 1960s, Soviet ruler Nikita Khrushchev led an effort to abolish the Secretary-General position. The numerical superiority of the Western powers meant that the Secretary-General would come from one of them, and would typically be sympathetic towards the West. Khrushchev advanced a proposal to replace the Secretary-General with a three-person leading council (a "troika"): one member from the Western world, one from the Communist bloc, and one from the Non-Aligned Movement powers. This idea failed because the neutral powers failed to back the Soviet proposal. | ||
| - | [[Image:unsg. | + | [[Image:unsg.jpg]] |
==Secretaries-General== | ==Secretaries-General== | ||
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|1||[[Image:Trygve Lie Bio Photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Trygve Halvdan Lie]]'''||[[1 February]] [[1946]] – <br>[[10 November]] [[1952]]||{{flagicon|Norway}} [[Norway]]<br > ''(Europe)''||Resigned||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg1bio.html ''Trygve Haldvan Lie (Norway)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006.< | |1||[[Image:Trygve Lie Bio Photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Trygve Halvdan Lie]]'''||[[1 February]] [[1946]] – <br>[[10 November]] [[1952]]||{{flagicon|Norway}} [[Norway]]<br > ''(Europe)''||Resigned||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg1bio.html ''Trygve Haldvan Lie (Norway)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006.< | ||
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| - | |2||[[Image:Dag | + | |2||[[Image:Dag Hammarskj̦ld june 1959.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Dag Hammarskj̦ld]]'''||[[10 April]] [[1953]] Р<br>[[18 September]] [[1961]]||{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Sweden]]<br > ''(Europe)''||Died in a plane crash in [[Northern Rhodesia]] (now [[Zambia]])||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg2bio.html ''Dag Hammarskj̦ld (Sweden)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. |
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|3||[[Image:U Thant Bio Photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[U Thant]]'''||[[30 November]] [[1961]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1971]]||[[Image:Flag of Burma (1948-1974).svg|20px]] [[Myanmar]]<br > ''(Asia)''||Retired after second term for personal reasons||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg3bio.html ''U Thant (Myanmar)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | |3||[[Image:U Thant Bio Photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[U Thant]]'''||[[30 November]] [[1961]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1971]]||[[Image:Flag of Burma (1948-1974).svg|20px]] [[Myanmar]]<br > ''(Asia)''||Retired after second term for personal reasons||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg3bio.html ''U Thant (Myanmar)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | ||
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|4||[[Image:Kurt_Waldheim_color_head_photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Kurt Waldheim]]'''||[[1 January]] [[1972]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1981]]||{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Austria]]<br > ''(Europe)''|| [[People's Republic of China|China]] [[Veto|vetoed]] his third term||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg4bio.html ''Kurt Waldheim (Austria)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | |4||[[Image:Kurt_Waldheim_color_head_photo.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Kurt Waldheim]]'''||[[1 January]] [[1972]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1981]]||{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Austria]]<br > ''(Europe)''|| [[People's Republic of China|China]] [[Veto|vetoed]] his third term||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg4bio.html ''Kurt Waldheim (Austria)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | ||
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| - | |5||[[Image:Perez de cuellar.gif|50px]]||'''[[Javier | + | |5||[[Image:Perez de cuellar.gif|50px]]||'''[[Javier P̩rez de Cu̩llar]]'''||[[1 January]] [[1982]] Р<br>[[31 December]] [[1991]]||{{flagicon|Peru}} [[Peru]]<br > ''(South America)''||Refused a third term||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg5bio.html ''Javier P̩rez de Cu̩llar (Peru)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. |
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|6||[[Image:Boutros Boutros-Ghali.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]]'''||[[1 January]] [[1992]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1996]]||{{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Egypt]]<br > ''(Africa)''||The [[United States]] vetoed his second term||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg6bio.html ''Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Egypt)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | |6||[[Image:Boutros Boutros-Ghali.jpg|50px]]||'''[[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]]'''||[[1 January]] [[1992]] – <br>[[31 December]] [[1996]]||{{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Egypt]]<br > ''(Africa)''||The [[United States]] vetoed his second term||The United Nations: [http://www.un.org/Overview/SG/sg6bio.html ''Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Egypt)'']. Accessed 13 December 2006. | ||
