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From Sfvlug

Under Construction! (recategorise, review, augment, and add descriptions after more sleep)

Newbie Command line Essentials

If you don't know your commandline very well at least know the tools that you have at your disposal to find the information and operate most efficiently. This section will contain only the entries that will enable you to maximize your productivity at the command line.

Search and documentation tools are some of the most important tools you can learn on your box heres a brief list of a few of the most popular, all of which can be accessed through your terminal (xterm, rxvt, etc...) or console (<ctrl><alt>F1...F6).

Search, Documentation and General Information Essential Tools:

man - an interface to the on-line reference manuals
find - search the manual page names and descriptionsq
locate - Security Enhanced version of the GNU Locate
updatedb - update the slocate database
which - locate a command
whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
hier - Description of the file system hierarchy
apropos - search the manual page names and descriptions

Networking Information and Related Essential Tools:

ifconfig - configure a network interface
route - show / manipulate the IP routing table
iwconfig - configure a wireless network interface
iwlist - Get more detailed wireless information from a wireless interface
ifup - bring a network interface up
ifdown - take a network interface down

Additional Useful Commands

Search, Documentation and General Information Related Tools:

bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell
alias
less
more
du
df
free
top
lsof
help  Display helpful information about the builtin commands

Networking Information and Related Tools:

hostname
ping
route
traceroute
arp
ifup/down
ifconfig
iwconfig
iwlist
netstat

Files You Should Know Exist:

passwd
hosts
hosts.allow
hosts.deny
hostname
version
resolv.conf
groups
.bash_profile
.bashrc
.bash_aliases
fstab
modules.conf
dhclient.conf

Paths You Should Know Exist: Note: see man hier for general overview

/usr/share/doc
/usr/local/doc
/var/log
/etc
/etc/init.d
/etc/alternatives

Conveniences:

history
ssh-agent
keychains
screen

Basics:

cp
mv
rm
ls
cd
chmod
chown
cat

Essential Keystrokes:

?
*
~
.
./
|
n
<ctrl>r
!      Start  a  history substitution, except when followed by a blank,
!n
!-n
!!
!string
!?string/n
less v

addme

grep rgrep egrep fgrep
xargs
su 
sudo
package manager commands just names not all the options better kept in a different nonessential ref