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From Nseurope

Charger : in several UPS systems due to the nature of their design a different battery charger is employed, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is extremely common on small sub 3kVA items.

Battery : here is the energy storage area and is kept charged eith...

Rectifier : this section of the UPS charging current for the battery and also the supply requirements for the inverter and can converts the incoming alternating current (ac) supply to direct current (dc).

Charger : in numerous UPS systems because of the character of the design a separate battery charger is applied, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is very common on small sub 3kVA models.

Battery : here is the energy storage area and is kept charged possibly by the rectifier or perhaps a separate charger. Their storage capacity is generally exhibited, as AH (ampere hour), which is the number of amperes of current that the battery can provide for an hour. There will be an amount of limiting factors depending upon the application, generally if the design calls for a short autonomy (length of time the battery will support its load for), the batteries can be discharged to a level, in the case of emergency lighting where there's a need for a autonomy the battery won't be permitted to release therefore much. These problems help to allow the maximum design life of the battery to be achieved.

Inverter : this area of the Uninterruptible power supply has an ac output to the weight which will be in phase with the input mains supply. Due to the quantity of conversions (ac to dc to ac) and the filtering involved it may be termed as a 'clean supply.'

Fixed Switch : this world can be as simple as a relay or even more generally using thyristors, its goal is always to switch the weight between the inverter and the energy mains supply. As has been earlier mentioned the result of the inverter is in phase with the energy mains present so that any switching involving the two will be almost seamless. This arrangement means that if the inverter activities an overload situation, because fast over-current diagnosis circuits it'll shift the strain to the more sturdy mains supply. An average example would be whenever a host tray is switched on, the inrush current, based upon the size of one's uninterruptible power supplies, may cause the transfer to the application mains supply, and once switched on the load may transfer back to the inverter providing the inverter has sufficient capacity to support the load. Also a fault on the inverter can cause the load to be transferred, again essentially seamlessly; it would be unusual for just about any loss in load to occur over these circumstances.

Preservation Bypass : more an average of found in UPS systems with a volume of 6kVA or greater. This design allows force to be transferred under controlled conditions to the UPS and the utility mains to be power down without damage. Usually performed for routine UPS preservation or UPS fix.

External Maintenance Bypass : the installing an maintenance bypass can allow the UPS to be removed/replaced without disturbance to the load, also, if the true maintenance bypass is fed from another source it can allow load screening in the case of a major UPS fix and/or checking of the independence under simulated load situations while the site load is being recognized by the external maintenance bypass circuit. This could be used when letting the UPS System to be bypassed onto standby diesel generator power. Instead, when batteries are removed and replaced, it could only be done by putting the uniterruptible power into outside bypass.