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From Joe

Charger : in numerous UPS systems as a result of nature of these design another battery charger is applied, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is extremely common on small sub 3kVA devices.

Battery : here is the energy storage area and is kept charged eith...

Rectifier : this section of the UPS converts the incoming alternating current (ac) supply to direct current (dc) and provides charging current for the battery and also the supply needs for the inverter.

Charger : in several UPS systems because of the nature of these design a separate battery charger is applied, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is extremely common on small sub 3kVA models.

Battery : this is actually the power storage area and is kept charged either by the rectifier or even a separate charger. Their storage capacity is usually displayed, as AH (ampere hour), which will be how many amperes of current that the battery can supply for an hour. There will be an amount of limiting factors depending upon the application, usually if the design calls for a short autonomy (period of time the battery will support its weight for), the batteries may be cleared to a level, in the case of emergency lighting where there's a requirement for a autonomy the battery will not be permitted to discharge therefore much. These conditions help to allow the optimum design life of the battery to be performed.

Inverter : an ac output is provided by this section of the Uninterruptible power supply to the weight which can be in phase with the insight mains supply. Because of the quantity of conversions (ac to dc to ac) and the selection involved it could be known as a 'clean source.'

Static Switch : this world is as simple as a relay or more generally using thyristors, its purpose is always to change the weight between the inverter and the energy mains supply. So that any switching involving the two is going to be almost seamless as has been mentioned before the output of the inverter is in phase with the application mains offer. This design helps to ensure that if the inverter experiences an overload condition, because of its fast over-current diagnosis tracks it'll move the strain to the more strong mains supply. A normal example would be each time a server sheet is switched on, the inrush current, depending upon the size of one's uninterruptible power supplies, could cause the transfer to the power mains offer, and once switched on the load will transfer back to the inverter providing the inverter has sufficient ability to support the load. Also a problem on the inverter can cause the load to be transferred, again essentially seamlessly; it'd be unusual for just about any lack of load that occurs over these circumstances.

Maintenance Bypass : more usually present in UPS systems with a capacity of 6kVA or greater. The load is allowed by this arrangement to be moved under controlled conditions to the UPS and the power mains to be turn off without loss. Generally performed for program UPS maintenance or UPS fix.

External Maintenance Bypass : the installing an maintenance bypass can allow the UPS to be removed/replaced without disturbance to the load, also, if the true maintenance bypass is fed from a different source it can allow load screening in the case of a major UPS repair and/or checking of the autonomy under simulated load problems while the site load is being supported by the external maintenance bypass circuit. This is used when allowing the UPS System to be bypassed onto standby diesel generator power. As an alternative, when batteries are removed and replaced, it can only be achieved by placing the uniterruptible power supply into external bypass.