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<p>By Mike O'Sullivan <br>Los Angeles<br>03 July 2006<br><br>Writer Amanda Roraback says Americans want to know more about places in the news,, such as Muslim countries. Her book series called "Nutshell Notes" helps readers learn about those regions. </p><p>---------</p><p>Six years ago,, historian Amanda Roraback became interested in Afghanistan under the Taliban,, the fundamentalist Islamic party that restricted women's rights and zealously suppressed non-Islamic parts of Afghan culture. She started a website to share the results of her studies.</p><p>After the terrorist attacks of September 2001 in the United States,, believed orchestrated by Afghanistan-based al-Qaida,, she compiled her notes into a book called Afghanistan in a Nutshell. With the help of her friends and family, she got copies into bookstores around Los Angeles, in the days before the US-led invasion of that country.</p><p>"And everybody was just dying for information on Afghanistan, since the United States was going to war, so they ended up on front counters, and just a couple of days after that, ended up on the LA Times bestsellers list," said Amanda Roraback.</p><p>The book was the first of six in the Nutshell Notes series, each inspired by developments in the news.</p><p>"After that, Osama bin Laden has escaped into Pakistan,, or so they thought, and so I followed it up with a book called Pakistan in a Nutshell, she said. "And because neither of these books really can be understood unless one understands Islam, I did a book called Islam in a Nutshell.</p><p>A book followed on Iraq,, which also made the Los Angeles Times bestsellers list.</p><p>The Nutshell Notes are short, mostly between 60 and 80 pages,, and they summarize the history, religion and politics of a region.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp; <br>The writer says she tries to be impartial. Her book on Israel and Palestine is divided in two sections, back to back. The reader can flip the book over,, seeing what seems to be a front cover on either side.</p><p>"I did it as a flip-book, tried to make the pages equal, put bar codes and the price on both sides to make everything very, very equal," noted Amanda Roraback. "The intention of that book is to present both sides in such a compelling way that, once somebody finishes it, they understand why it's a big quagmire, why there is constant conflict in that area, because both sides have very compelling reasons to be in that region and to feel that it is their land."</p><p>Roraback's latest book is called Iran in a Nutshell.</p><p>In each case, she faces a problem in keeping pace with fast-changing events.</p><p>"I read the paper every day and wonder, is my book obsolete yet? What I try to do is bring the very far past up to the present, and include all the issues,," she said. "The problem is, these situations change on a regular basis."</p><p>The Palestine-Israel book, published two years ago, is already in need of revision, and the writer says a new edition should be out in a month or two.</p><p>She says the books are especially popular with students and teachers.</p><p>"Teachers love these books," said Amanda Roraback. "I sell a lot to teachers because they are really called upon to teach a lot of different subjects,, and to keep up with what's going on today. In fact, in California and I'm sure other parts of the United States,, students are required to learn about Buddhism and Islam, and there are sections on the Middle East, and there are lot more subjects being taught that relate to the rest of the world. And since 2001, there has been a much greater interest in what's going on "over there," in the other part of the world.</p><p>Upcoming Nutshell Notes will look at China, and North and South Korea. </p>相关的主题文章:
<p>By Mike O'Sullivan <br>Los Angeles<br>03 July 2006<br><br>Writer Amanda Roraback says Americans want to know more about places in the news,, such as Muslim countries. Her book series called "Nutshell Notes" helps readers learn about those regions. </p><p>---------</p><p>Six years ago,, historian Amanda Roraback became interested in Afghanistan under the Taliban,, the fundamentalist Islamic party that restricted women's rights and zealously suppressed non-Islamic parts of Afghan culture. She started a website to share the results of her studies.</p><p>After the terrorist attacks of September 2001 in the United States,, believed orchestrated by Afghanistan-based al-Qaida,, she compiled her notes into a book called Afghanistan in a Nutshell. With the help of her friends and family, she got copies into bookstores around Los Angeles, in the days before the US-led invasion of that country.</p><p>"And everybody was just dying for information on Afghanistan, since the United States was going to war, so they ended up on front counters, and just a couple of days after that, ended up on the LA Times bestsellers list," said Amanda Roraback.</p><p>The book was the first of six in the Nutshell Notes series, each inspired by developments in the news.</p><p>"After that, Osama bin Laden has escaped into Pakistan,, or so they thought, and so I followed it up with a book called Pakistan in a Nutshell, she said. "And because neither of these books really can be understood unless one understands Islam, I did a book called Islam in a Nutshell.</p><p>A book followed on Iraq,, which also made the Los Angeles Times bestsellers list.</p><p>The Nutshell Notes are short, mostly between 60 and 80 pages,, and they summarize the history, religion and politics of a region.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp; <br>The writer says she tries to be impartial. Her book on Israel and Palestine is divided in two sections, back to back. The reader can flip the book over,, seeing what seems to be a front cover on either side.</p><p>"I did it as a flip-book, tried to make the pages equal, put bar codes and the price on both sides to make everything very, very equal," noted Amanda Roraback. "The intention of that book is to present both sides in such a compelling way that, once somebody finishes it, they understand why it's a big quagmire, why there is constant conflict in that area, because both sides have very compelling reasons to be in that region and to feel that it is their land."</p><p>Roraback's latest book is called Iran in a Nutshell.</p><p>In each case, she faces a problem in keeping pace with fast-changing events.</p><p>"I read the paper every day and wonder, is my book obsolete yet? What I try to do is bring the very far past up to the present, and include all the issues,," she said. "The problem is, these situations change on a regular basis."</p><p>The Palestine-Israel book, published two years ago, is already in need of revision, and the writer says a new edition should be out in a month or two.</p><p>She says the books are especially popular with students and teachers.</p><p>"Teachers love these books," said Amanda Roraback. "I sell a lot to teachers because they are really called upon to teach a lot of different subjects,, and to keep up with what's going on today. In fact, in California and I'm sure other parts of the United States,, students are required to learn about Buddhism and Islam, and there are sections on the Middle East, and there are lot more subjects being taught that relate to the rest of the world. And since 2001, there has been a much greater interest in what's going on "over there," in the other part of the world.</p><p>Upcoming Nutshell Notes will look at China, and North and South Korea. </p>相关的主题文章:
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</ul> She toured camps for the internally displaced in the company of Georgia's first lady, We think the hours need to be increased.
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== they can blend in with the population ==
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<p>By Benjamin Sand <br>Burmel,, Afghanistan<br>18 May 2006<br>&nbsp;<br>A "summer offensive" by Taleban militants is reportedly behind violent attacks perpetrated throughout Afghanistan in recent weeks. U.S. and Afghan forces say the insurgents are increasingly dependent on training camps and safe haven in neighboring Pakistan. </p><p>-------------------------------------</p><p>U.S. forces in Afghanistan's Paktika Province fire mortar rounds at a nearby mountaintop. </p><p>Insurgents have been using the isolated ridgeline to launch rockets into the U.S. camp in Orgun-E,, not far from the Pakistan border.</p><p>These are America's frontline troops against the insurgency in Afghanistan. Their heavily fortified camp occupies a narrow strip of land separating the unstable border region from the rest of the relatively stable province.</p><p>First Lieutenant Sean Parnell says that in the past month, the attacks in this area have intensified.</p><p>"Just within the past four weeks, things have picked up so much it has been pretty much continuous operations. Every single man out here has been running hard," he said.</p><p>Lieutenant Colonel Chris Toner says most of the insurgents in this area make their base inside Pakistan, and only cross into Afghanistan for combat operations.</p><p>Pakistan originally rejected suggestions that Taleban and al-Qaida militant were using Pakistani territory to launch attacks into Afghanistan. </p><p>The Pakistanis now insist they are doing everything they can to help secure the border. The Pakistani military has deployed 80,000 troops to the region,, and is increasingly coordinating its efforts with U.S.-led coalition forces inside Afghanistan.</p><p>Key to that coordinated strategy are forward bases like the U.S. camp in the town of Burmel,, located closer to the border than Orgun-E, inside a dense network of dirt roads and narrow trails crisscrossing the porous border.</p><p>Soldiers based here use armed trucks to patrol the dusty countryside, avoiding roads that could be mined by insurgents.</p><p>In one of the small border villages, Captain James Dye orders house-to-house searches for any sign of militant activity.</p><p>"They do not stand out, that is the hardest thing with this enemy, they can blend in with the population, and without the population's help, pointing at a guy [and] saying, that guy does not live here, its very hard to distinguish them,," he said.</p><p>He says the villagers here have been reluctant to help identify militants.</p><p>But that does not mean they are not here. A convoy passing through this village just last week was ambushed by at least a dozen suspected Taleban fighters. The U.S. forces say they escaped injury, and killed at least eight of the attackers.</p><p>On this visit, the village elders again insist there has been no sign of any insurgent activity.</p><p>He says he considers the Taleban outsiders,, and promises they are not receiving any assistance from his community. </p><p>But just a few minutes later, a burst of gunfire sends the soldiers running for cover.</p><p>Insurgents on a nearby hilltop open fire on the soldiers down below before retreating into the surrounding countryside. </p><p>Within minutes, the troops are on the move, hoping to capture the militants before they slip back across the border. By early evening, though,, it appears that the attackers have gotten away. </p><p>Colonel Toner says it is rare these days for U.S. forces to launch sweeping combat operations in the area. The goal now is twofold: limiting the conflict to the border, and making sure the rest of the impoverished province is safe for development. </p><p>"If I am fighting along the border,, I am winning,, because the population base is inside," he said. "Really what I am doing is, I am providing an opportunity for the government to get established, and for the people to get some sort of economic stability."</p><p>The U.S. forces in Afghanistan do not focus solely on military operations. They are paying local contractors millions of dollars for development projects including new schools,, roads and water systems.</p><p>They are also helping train the new Afghan National Army,, which has 30,000 troops and hopes to more than double in size in the next few years.</p><p>Almost all the U.S. bases in Paktika province include barracks for Afghan troops, and the two armies now work side by side on most operations.</p><p>But Colonel Toner admits it will be a long, slow fight.</p><p>He says most of the insurgents are Taleban, some al-Qaida, and he says there are also at least two local warlords with their own militia in the region staging attacks on coalition forces.</p><p>He says the insurgents themselves are from the surrounding area, a traditional Taleban stronghold,, but there is mounting evidence that foreigners, including Arabs, Chechens, and Uzbeks, are helping train them inside Pakistan.</p><p>They typically attack at night, he says, and then slip back into Pakistan before sunrise. As long as they stay on the far side, the U.S. and Afghan troops cannot touch them. </p>相关的主题文章:
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if the country does not stop enriching uranium.

By Scott Stearns ,
White House
09 June 2006

President Bush says there will be U.N. Security Council action against Iran,, if the country does not stop enriching uranium.  The U.N. nuclear agency says Iran this week launched a new round of uranium enrichment,, as it received details of a new diplomatic effort to end the standoff.

---------------------------------------------

President Bush says the government in Tehran has weeks, not months,, to respond to the latest proposal by the United States and its European allies.

By offering to meet with Iran if it agrees to suspend uranium enrichment,, President Bush says the move represents a shift in U.S. tactics,, not in strategy.

Iran has previously said it will verifiably suspend enriching uranium. President Bush says it is time now to see whether the government in Tehran means it.

"If they choose not to suspend verifiably, there must be a consequence,," said Mr. Bush.  "There must be a sense of urgency on our part to send a common message to them." 

The president spoke following talks with Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen. The prime minister said he is pleased that Washington has joined European allies in presenting a unified package of proposals to Tehran.

"It's now up to the Iranians to take advantage of this window of opportunity,," said Mr. Rasmussen.

During Friday prayers in Tehran a leading hard-line cleric said the country should continue enriching uranium. Ayatollah Ahmad Jannati said the U.S.-European package of incentives is, in his words,, "good for them,," but not for Iran.

Details of those incentives are still sketchy, but are thought to include support for Iran joining the World Trade Organization,, help in building a nuclear power plant,, and the suspension of some U.S. trade sanctions that prevent Iran from buying spare parts for an aging fleet of American-made aircraft.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) says Iran launched a new round of uranium enrichment this week. President Bush says Iran is secretly developing a nuclear weapons program. Tehran says it is enriching uranium only for the peaceful civilian purpose of generating electricity.

相关的主题文章:
She toured camps for the internally displaced in the company of Georgia's first lady, We think the hours need to be increased.

since the United States was going to war

By Mike O'Sullivan
Los Angeles
03 July 2006

Writer Amanda Roraback says Americans want to know more about places in the news,, such as Muslim countries. Her book series called "Nutshell Notes" helps readers learn about those regions.

---------

Six years ago,, historian Amanda Roraback became interested in Afghanistan under the Taliban,, the fundamentalist Islamic party that restricted women's rights and zealously suppressed non-Islamic parts of Afghan culture. She started a website to share the results of her studies.

After the terrorist attacks of September 2001 in the United States,, believed orchestrated by Afghanistan-based al-Qaida,, she compiled her notes into a book called Afghanistan in a Nutshell. With the help of her friends and family, she got copies into bookstores around Los Angeles, in the days before the US-led invasion of that country.

"And everybody was just dying for information on Afghanistan, since the United States was going to war, so they ended up on front counters, and just a couple of days after that, ended up on the LA Times bestsellers list," said Amanda Roraback.

The book was the first of six in the Nutshell Notes series, each inspired by developments in the news.

"After that, Osama bin Laden has escaped into Pakistan,, or so they thought, and so I followed it up with a book called Pakistan in a Nutshell, she said. "And because neither of these books really can be understood unless one understands Islam, I did a book called Islam in a Nutshell.

A book followed on Iraq,, which also made the Los Angeles Times bestsellers list.

The Nutshell Notes are short, mostly between 60 and 80 pages,, and they summarize the history, religion and politics of a region. 
 
The writer says she tries to be impartial. Her book on Israel and Palestine is divided in two sections, back to back. The reader can flip the book over,, seeing what seems to be a front cover on either side.

"I did it as a flip-book, tried to make the pages equal, put bar codes and the price on both sides to make everything very, very equal," noted Amanda Roraback. "The intention of that book is to present both sides in such a compelling way that, once somebody finishes it, they understand why it's a big quagmire, why there is constant conflict in that area, because both sides have very compelling reasons to be in that region and to feel that it is their land."

Roraback's latest book is called Iran in a Nutshell.

In each case, she faces a problem in keeping pace with fast-changing events.

"I read the paper every day and wonder, is my book obsolete yet? What I try to do is bring the very far past up to the present, and include all the issues,," she said. "The problem is, these situations change on a regular basis."

The Palestine-Israel book, published two years ago, is already in need of revision, and the writer says a new edition should be out in a month or two.

She says the books are especially popular with students and teachers.

"Teachers love these books," said Amanda Roraback. "I sell a lot to teachers because they are really called upon to teach a lot of different subjects,, and to keep up with what's going on today. In fact, in California and I'm sure other parts of the United States,, students are required to learn about Buddhism and Islam, and there are sections on the Middle East, and there are lot more subjects being taught that relate to the rest of the world. And since 2001, there has been a much greater interest in what's going on "over there," in the other part of the world.

Upcoming Nutshell Notes will look at China, and North and South Korea.

相关的主题文章:
She toured camps for the internally displaced in the company of Georgia's first lady, We think the hours need to be increased.

they can blend in with the population

By Benjamin Sand
Burmel,, Afghanistan
18 May 2006
 
A "summer offensive" by Taleban militants is reportedly behind violent attacks perpetrated throughout Afghanistan in recent weeks. U.S. and Afghan forces say the insurgents are increasingly dependent on training camps and safe haven in neighboring Pakistan.

-------------------------------------

U.S. forces in Afghanistan's Paktika Province fire mortar rounds at a nearby mountaintop.

Insurgents have been using the isolated ridgeline to launch rockets into the U.S. camp in Orgun-E,, not far from the Pakistan border.

These are America's frontline troops against the insurgency in Afghanistan. Their heavily fortified camp occupies a narrow strip of land separating the unstable border region from the rest of the relatively stable province.

First Lieutenant Sean Parnell says that in the past month, the attacks in this area have intensified.

"Just within the past four weeks, things have picked up so much it has been pretty much continuous operations. Every single man out here has been running hard," he said.

Lieutenant Colonel Chris Toner says most of the insurgents in this area make their base inside Pakistan, and only cross into Afghanistan for combat operations.

Pakistan originally rejected suggestions that Taleban and al-Qaida militant were using Pakistani territory to launch attacks into Afghanistan.

The Pakistanis now insist they are doing everything they can to help secure the border. The Pakistani military has deployed 80,000 troops to the region,, and is increasingly coordinating its efforts with U.S.-led coalition forces inside Afghanistan.

Key to that coordinated strategy are forward bases like the U.S. camp in the town of Burmel,, located closer to the border than Orgun-E, inside a dense network of dirt roads and narrow trails crisscrossing the porous border.

Soldiers based here use armed trucks to patrol the dusty countryside, avoiding roads that could be mined by insurgents.

In one of the small border villages, Captain James Dye orders house-to-house searches for any sign of militant activity.

"They do not stand out, that is the hardest thing with this enemy, they can blend in with the population, and without the population's help, pointing at a guy [and] saying, that guy does not live here, its very hard to distinguish them,," he said.

He says the villagers here have been reluctant to help identify militants.

But that does not mean they are not here. A convoy passing through this village just last week was ambushed by at least a dozen suspected Taleban fighters. The U.S. forces say they escaped injury, and killed at least eight of the attackers.

On this visit, the village elders again insist there has been no sign of any insurgent activity.

He says he considers the Taleban outsiders,, and promises they are not receiving any assistance from his community.

But just a few minutes later, a burst of gunfire sends the soldiers running for cover.

Insurgents on a nearby hilltop open fire on the soldiers down below before retreating into the surrounding countryside.

Within minutes, the troops are on the move, hoping to capture the militants before they slip back across the border. By early evening, though,, it appears that the attackers have gotten away.

Colonel Toner says it is rare these days for U.S. forces to launch sweeping combat operations in the area. The goal now is twofold: limiting the conflict to the border, and making sure the rest of the impoverished province is safe for development.

"If I am fighting along the border,, I am winning,, because the population base is inside," he said. "Really what I am doing is, I am providing an opportunity for the government to get established, and for the people to get some sort of economic stability."

The U.S. forces in Afghanistan do not focus solely on military operations. They are paying local contractors millions of dollars for development projects including new schools,, roads and water systems.

They are also helping train the new Afghan National Army,, which has 30,000 troops and hopes to more than double in size in the next few years.

Almost all the U.S. bases in Paktika province include barracks for Afghan troops, and the two armies now work side by side on most operations.

But Colonel Toner admits it will be a long, slow fight.

He says most of the insurgents are Taleban, some al-Qaida, and he says there are also at least two local warlords with their own militia in the region staging attacks on coalition forces.

He says the insurgents themselves are from the surrounding area, a traditional Taleban stronghold,, but there is mounting evidence that foreigners, including Arabs, Chechens, and Uzbeks, are helping train them inside Pakistan.

They typically attack at night, he says, and then slip back into Pakistan before sunrise. As long as they stay on the far side, the U.S. and Afghan troops cannot touch them.

相关的主题文章:
She toured camps for the internally displaced in the company of Georgia's first lady, We think the hours need to be increased.
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