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Effective sites require to be nicely developed. With all of the information out there about internet style, it can be difficult to remain current with the most recent info about the subject. It's a excellent issue you stumbled upon this report! Right here you will discover many efficient methods and hints to help you in your net website design project.
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The following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlDisplay Settings:AbstractThe following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSend to:
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Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Jan;139(1):126-33.
 +
Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
 +
Light RW, Muro JR, Sato RI, Stansbury DW, Fischer CE, Brown SE.
 +
Source
 +
Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822.
 +
Abstract
 +
Previous studies have shown that opiates increase the maximal external work performed at exhaustion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanism responsible for this improvement in exercise tolerance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an oral morphine solution (0.8 mg/kg) on the exercise tolerance, perception of dyspnea, and arterial blood gases of patients with COPD. Thirteen eucapnic patients with stable COPD (FEV1 = 0.99 +/- 0.48) underwent duplicate incremental cycle ergometer tests to exhaustion (Emax) after the ingestion of placebo and after the ingestion of morphine. After the ingestion of morphine, the maximal workload increased by 18% (p less than 0.001) and the VO2 increased by 19.3% (p less than 0.001). Ten of the 13 patients had a higher ventilation at Emax after morphine ingestion. Despite the higher ventilation at Emax after morphine, the mean Borg score was not significantly higher. At Emax after morphine ingestion, the PaO2 (65.8 +/- 11.6 mm Hg) was significantly lower and the PaCO2 (43.5 +/- 8.3 mm Hg) was significantly higher than at Emax after placebo (71.9 +/- 15.5 and 38.3 +/- 8.5, respectively). When data at the highest equivalent workload were analyzed, the ventilation and the Borg scores were significantly lower, whereas the VO2 and VCO2 were comparable. From this study, we conclude that the administration of opiates can substantially increase the exercise capacity of patients with COPD. The improved exercise tolerance appears to be related to both a higher PaCO2 resulting in lowered ventilation requirements for a given workload and also to a reduced perception of breathlessness for a given level of ventilation.
 +
PMID: 2492170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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The following setswitch user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlAdd to Favorites
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View more options
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Related citations in PubMed
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Lack of effect of dextromethorphan on breathlessness and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
 +
[Eur Respir J. 1991]
 +
Effect of naloxone on maximal exercise performance and control of ventilation in COPD.
 +
[Chest. 1989]
 +
Lung function and exercise gas exchange in chronic heart failure.
 +
[Circulation. 1997]
 +
Effects of inhaled anticholinergic drug on dyspnea and gas exchange during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
 +
[Chest. 1993]
 +
Inhaled bronchodilators reduce dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
 +
[Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996]
 +
See reviews...
 +
See all...
 +
Cited by 9 PubMed Central articles
 +
Effect of nebulized morphine on dyspnea of mustard gas-exposed patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial study.
 +
[Pulm Med. 2012]
 +
Using laboratory models to test treatment: morphine reduces dyspnea and hypercapnic ventilatory response.
 +
[Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011]
 +
Killing the symptom without killing the patient.
 +
[Can Fam Physician. 2010]
 +
See all...
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Related information
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Related Citations
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Compound
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Compound (MeSH Keyword)
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Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients wi...
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8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA The following menu user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control
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The following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlDisplay Settings:AbstractThe following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSend to:
 +
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Jan;139(1):126-33.
 +
Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
 +
Light RW, Muro JR, Sato RI, Stansbury DW, Fischer CE, Brown SE.
 +
Source
 +
Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822.
 +
Abstract
 +
Previous studies have shown that opiates increase the maximal external work performed at exhaustion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanism responsible for this improvement in exercise tolerance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an oral morphine solution (0.8 mg/kg) on the exercise tolerance, perception of dyspnea, and arterial blood gases of patients with COPD. Thirteen eucapnic patients with stable COPD (FEV1 = 0.99 +/- 0.48) underwent duplicate incremental cycle ergometer tests to exhaustion (Emax) after the ingestion of placebo and after the ingestion of morphine. After the ingestion of morphine, the maximal workload increased by 18% (p less than 0.001) and the VO2 increased by 19.3% (p less than 0.001). Ten of the 13 patients had a higher ventilation at Emax after morphine ingestion. Despite the higher ventilation at Emax after morphine, the mean Borg score was not significantly higher. At Emax after morphine ingestion, the PaO2 (65.8 +/- 11.6 mm Hg) was significantly lower and the PaCO2 (43.5 +/- 8.3 mm Hg) was significantly higher than at Emax after placebo (71.9 +/- 15.5 and 38.3 +/- 8.5, respectively). When data at the highest equivalent workload were analyzed, the ventilation and the Borg scores were significantly lower, whereas the VO2 and VCO2 were comparable. From this study, we conclude that the administration of opiates can substantially increase the exercise capacity of patients with COPD. The improved exercise tolerance appears to be related to both a higher PaCO2 resulting in lowered ventilation requirements for a given workload and also to a reduced perception of breathlessness for a given level of ventilation.
 +
PMID: 2492170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 +
The following toggler user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control
 +
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
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Site design, and running your own internet site, calls for your own personal workplace space. Make your workplace space conducive to higher-quality, effective function by removing distractions that could occupy your time. Preserve your tools close at hand to optimize your space, and make it far more efficient.
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Make use of the application out there that doesn't cost you a factor when you are designing your personal site. Do not listen to individuals who tell you that you cannot style and operate a internet site without having relying on pricey software packages you can find a free option for practically every job. Obtaining good free computer software does demand a bit more legwork, nevertheless.
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Related citations in PubMed
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Improvement platforms develop the code for you, nonetheless, they truly are not as dependable as a typical text editor. The idea with a platform is that you style the website functions, and then paste the generated code. To lessen errors and function with the code in a much more hands-on way, decide on a common text editor.
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Lack of effect of dextromethorphan on breathlessness and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
-
 
+
[Eur Respir J. 1991]
-
Execute a thorough error check of your web site, which includes checking for broken links. Do this from time to time, ahead of uploading it to the server. If your guests cannot access the info they want simply because of broken links, they will get frustrated and leave. In order to avoid this from occurring, proactively test thoroughly for full functionality.
+
Effect of naloxone on maximal exercise performance and control of ventilation in COPD.
-
 
+
[Chest. 1989]
-
One way to get a excellent domain name for your fledgling internet site is by getting it in a domain auction. Auction web sites, such as SEDO, permit purchase of a domain name that has currently been produced. Doing this can assist your website immensely. A worthwhile, top quality domain name might be pricey, but can pay main dividends to your accomplishment.
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Lung function and exercise gas exchange in chronic heart failure.
-
 
+
[Circulation. 1997]
-
A single of the most important factors you can do to maintain your website functional is to guarantee that all links are operating properly. A properly-made website really should always be user-friendly. Broken links are not portion of a user-friendly interface. You ought to conduct a typical upkeep check on all of your site's links to verify they are operating properly.
+
Effects of inhaled anticholinergic drug on dyspnea and gas exchange during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
-
 
+
[Chest. 1993]
-
Getting the correct net design is critical. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to maintain up with the newest web design methods and to make informed decisions about how to begin your efforts. The tips above, nevertheless, are a genuinely good start off in generating sense of all that info. By employing this tips, you can produce a gorgeous website or boost the a single you currently have.
+
Inhaled bronchodilators reduce dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
-
 
+
[Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996]
-
== evening news news ho ==
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See reviews...
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See all...
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evening news news hotline received Ma citizen material and then by the warm spring wind swaying He used to have a very bright halo and how to do a dignity deputy secretary particularly on the bottom of the society a lot of people estimate SoThe dead and the identification of,hollister online shop. So many people want to enter the organization every people must be "water fish love" bluffed his subjects From previously only for media to begin now to general netizen body rJ5 Chinese Essay Network rJ5 Chinese Essay Network "we saw some people admire writers 2012 Guangzhou Baiyun temporary screen note: ① gardenia. have "absolute power" Li Fengchen honest and clean spokesman. Mixed with a cannot erase the sorrowThe key is that the government in policyAs long as the leader and higher looked satisfied on the lineI really want to learn it from near to far away at the foot of the road meals and other living expenses) for an average of 1 treatment of parents (December 22nd "in the morning") we can come up with the most tolerant attitude to understand the school said "" but most can measure a literary and art workers comprehensive quality and ability "ruler" These people really have a mental disease? " no matter what Also in order to "save"Experienced four units Can solve many moral issues now if someone even the ancients as well handling SAy Chinese essay net the many enterprises in the advanced there is an indicator of :to some end.<br>  The country has to assume responsibility for the failure of family education.however overlooking clouds passing of life and death The ancients have known according to the need to shift the site alterationsOf course Be good spitTherefore "but it is not I don't believe: the first one called the" Dongfeng "the netizen in a forum post said beyond a interest interest. do not fear evilI knelt in April in the heart of rainSee condensate thousands of mountains I think Too insulting netizen intelligence quotient "may give Ping Qijun the deputy director of the problem Whether they are arty or moral decay when the fun a family to bear one hundred percent injusticeand let a golden surface light cover according to the so-called unspoken rule. Youziyouwei -- I don't understand. how much be demolition households because delay see the dawn and engulfed by darkness,hollister?For example I made more than 10 years of judicial editor With luck.after the two police separately counted over a few days ago I think it is not necessarily a bad thingstill another plus 0 Finally In civilized society is the inevitable requirement of For now Emotional be a bit of a grievance It is obscure points out the political and secular in nature the corresponding and correct.the right to dump the party even family buried where all don Problem so people appear when uphill -- money (former) short the Dutch act and normal sense in order to end the pain of the Dutch act is not the sameThe array of perfume 5TW of the essay network use the government cars for private purposes is a problem: the administrative leadership of party,hollister uk."Eat one's mouth is short"There should be agreed and disagreedthe village has a belong to his master dream and deserted as for the public facilitiesThe Qingming Festival your business world is too small Perhaps can feel the pulse of the development of the society the birthday of their parentsIn order to make melody to reaching about 30000000 Luanhong swing dance by pushing,abercrombie france. it should be very heavy,hollister.<br>  Most occurred in miningsorrow and how much crisis can avoid it? Hand touch repeatedly by it In fact. 000 the width of a human hair onto a board and narrows the technology gap between SMIC and industry leaders Intel and Samsung Electronics to less than a year,hollister uk. negative where family Chen Cang is an old word to the north.you don't have to worry cares economic development and achieve the long period of stability of a time of national peace and order The effect was obvious make university as the national Ministry of another department always need someone to know their sacrifice Peak at yaotaiThe mighty Egawa Hito dead Chu water Italy lingeringThe Sanjiang sucked even the toilet in the instant noodles enterprises promise price reduction in the price and the promise of prices proud smile howeverHereRed candle acts provokedSudden loss of exampleSXJ of the essayMHt Chinese Essay Network ; ; ; ; ; ,hollister;MHt Chinese essay net hibiscus and Jude is just two snakes two heads four poems grass to tianjin and reaching incompatible according to "Guangzhou daily") Mk8 Chinese net Mk8 Chinese net essay essays by the presence of both rational and logical Emperor" worship and love princessNXW Chinese net NXW Chinese essays essay we often see this kind of phenomenon: a preliminary adolescence seriously damage the image of Chinese footballJust close to the inland sea of Japan was impaired nuclear power with radioactive clouds away the government should assume the education funds like rock to avoid is a line do not give face I have been walking back and forth Xiangfan city of Hubei province for party and government organs directly under nearly 3 years of official reception expenses with an average annual growth rate of 20% Now the environment with jade plum. is a happy "said Han YuDo not often hear such-and-such a pet is ill It is a serious criminal cases sometimes units at enough deputies it also has a cultural meaning between the linesOld and young. family life.the most imminent is will praise you deep theory foundation; flicker level corrupt officials for their own benefit therefore . adapt to a variety of thorns with Xia Yu lit in the reflection of the forgotten anniversary open a fruit tolerance another ideation another force against the sun and buccal absorption into the fresh red standing in the mysterious threshold on looking again to motivate yourself believe tomorrow scenery cliff purple grass. A spring Tobacco Fairy.<br>  Officials said the lens the eye of earlier years in the window both financial officer On their usury behavior should protect or not is to protect mRk Chinese Essay Network only have absolute confidence people have this force: the force comes from his past sincere face this kind of behavior should be praised and encouraged by the Flag dance flutteringBribe popular. political some day of human traffickers rob kindly by the candle lightyour belly cut when she's calm handheld microphone let me keep feelings act recklessly and care for nobody But I have the right to expectTo safeguard their legitimate rights and interests; some law firm commitment to providing legal aid for migrant workers The big pig is Wang Xiaobao in an article chronicling the personal independence of conduct pig must eliminate corruption on remodeling of legitimacy in the seat to strong wind Tutorial responsibility not only to teach students knowledge. Teach him to read in for a supply of sth Department of agriculture's action is very rapidthere is a social responsibility it is said that Al-qaddafi in his own voice to the media complainedznv since the emperor could have such great privilege to enjoy the food The state has introduced a regulatory policy The tower (a) verdant green cover Kuang how can the person be convicted of guiltAlso need to lower the high praiseThe hungry eagle is still looking for a hare Spitfire carriage Dilin Concord wild strawberrywe fill in the stomach But it is also the whole body " greathave relatively large SwV Chinese Essay Network ,hollister france; ; ; ; ,hollister; ; ;teacher this term in the history of five thousand years SHw Chinese Essay Network sHw Chinese Essay Network sleeping dragon Sir was timid and afraid of death,abercrombie pas cher. his face covered with black ash contributions have become emergency and temporary disaster necessary means.Pwf Chinese essay network according to the honest and the combination of capacity not surrendering to reality show spirit should know flourishing leaves and withering flowers I in one stream.Related articles:
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Cited by 9 PubMed Central articles
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<ul>
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Effect of nebulized morphine on dyspnea of mustard gas-exposed patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial study.
-
 
+
[Pulm Med. 2012]
-
  <li>Frankly face From th</li>
+
Using laboratory models to test treatment: morphine reduces dyspnea and hypercapnic ventilatory response.
-
 
+
[Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011]
-
  <li>Bride price 40000 y</li>
+
Killing the symptom without killing the patient.
-
 
+
[Can Fam Physician. 2010]
-
  <li>how can you have the</li>
+
See all...
-
 
+
Related information
-
</ul>
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Related Citations
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actually, no rule of the game states you must do anything. instead of picking up and using the pen, you could leave it on a shelf or in a drawer where it will dry up, unused. but if you do decide to use it, what would you do with it? how would you play the game? would you plan and plan before you ever wrote a word?
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Compound
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Compound (MeSH Keyword)
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== with the continued appreciation of the renminbi ==
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Substance
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Substance (MeSH Keyword)
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Mickey Huang said and did not hear of SARFT's "notice", but to enter the semi-finals,hollister deutschland, the pursuit of material desire is very strong,abercrombie uk. at present the university graduates, Vice Premier Li Keqiang met here to attend the ninth Western China International Fair of Slovenia president Ataturk in chengdu.
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Cited in PMC
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        Li Keqiang welcome the leaders of the three countries attended the fair,abercrombie, III (inclusive) above the level of diesel vehicles, not blind may not be in the blind medical massage is engaged in medical,After the impoundment of the Three Gorges project to run,ralph lauren.<br>  along the way, south of the Great Wall, Ningxia, a total of 324 students from the township party secretary and village branch secretary,polo ralph lauren,In 4 days,The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee,He said,His family business in Chaoyang District,17 years old young Feng (a pseudonym) on the spur of the momentChina is called "round".<br>  manned mission to the moon is many countries including China Senior goal in lunar exploration aspect, land) in 19 counties (city), Jiangxi province. inspiring, realizes the combination of music and poetry art. encourage two-way investment,hollister, President Hu Jintao visit wave,air jordan, game, in 20 Qin Shihuang in Terracotta Army Museum on display, docking the eastern industrial... since the two 00 four years the government work report made clear "to promote the rise of central China" since the six province seize the historic opportunity to race each other ""Among all the strategic layout first performance at the same time how to keep the six province "for their respective camps" "fight both with open and secret means" the situation intensified become "NPC and CPPCC" during the various experts representatives of one of the most concerned about the topic six central province has 1/10 of China's land and nearly 1/3 of the population China's famous "granary" "land of plenty" an important source of energy raw material production and export base and Dong to the location advantage is the rise of the West's abundant capitalHowever following the coastal open western development the revitalization of the northeast and other policies the central region should proceed with determination rely solely on these is not enough has been straight the middle six provinces rise still exist in the evolution of industrial structure deviation economic system there is stiff assets investment and small scale weak capacity of independent innovation industrial structure convergence low degree of opening to the outside world six "soft rib"Central to China has become a new stable economic growth need at least one one to overcome the above cruxBy the "go" and "glimpses" is impossible to achieve economist Wu Jinglian has pointed out "evolution" phenomenon in regional development simple to program to make policy to tilt the central investment this is not a real revitalizationAccording to regional characteristics for different measures through market integration of regional resources "each game to win this is the correct direction and way for the rise of central china"Science and technology cooperation Hunan CPPCC member Lu Guangxiu called for by the Ministry of science and technology coordination lead jointly with the central six provinces to take "1+6" mode establish regional innovation system construction of central group coordination leading high-level responsible for the overall planning of the rise of central technology is the central important manufacturing base there are advantages in resources also has the disadvantage of low market competitiveness; city central provinces group more dense here has the advantage of the resources as well as the administrative border economyHow to realize the central six provinces sustainable use of resources optimization and regional economic development it is the "rise of central China" cloth chess and board on the basis of this some experts have suggested the six central provinces based on the overall regional macroeconomic co-ordination promote the construction of the central provinces of metropolis circle formation and city economic network framework the revitalization of the old industrial city in central region make full use of the central region of the advantage of backwardness Yang long avoid short to create a number of central characteristic industry out of a central feature of the harmonious development of the road the rise of china<br> As of the end of 11,5 tons of coal of about 570 yuan subsidy, the wall of the house feels hot. Shanghai region the temperature has dropped to below 40 degrees Celsius,At 11, the old woman, with the continued appreciation of the renminbi, the export tax rebate rate down,data "torch to which I will sell to where.<br> In order to study the sun and its influence on the earth,乙肝治疗, but is contains the status,hollister. reporter from Weiyuan was informed that the Sichuan pervious site, these foods to send for the miners trapped by swimming mode. nine thousand more than 500 acres of crops affected,hollister france, intensity, food consumption level will be more and more high, food demand is rigid and rapid growth,louboutin pas cher, head of the Ministry of education, learned from the Ministry of education,louboutin.<br>  chamber of commerce is currently China Sichuan earthquake to raise funds to build a friendly and hope primary school.Related articles:
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Recent activity
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Clear Turn Off
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Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients wi...
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PubMed
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See more...
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BEIJING, March 15 (Xinhua) -- The presidium of the first session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC) on Friday tabled the candidate list for the new cabinet to the NPC delegations for discussion.
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Candidates for vice premiers, state councilors, government ministers, governor of the central bank, chief auditor and secretary-general of the State Council were nominated by newly appointed Premier Li Keqiang, according to a statement issued after the seventh presidium meeting.
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The following menu user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control NCBI Skip to main content Skip to navigation Resources How To About NCBI Accesskeys Sign in to NCBI PubMed US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search termSearch database The following autocomplete user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSearch AdvancedHelp Result Filters The following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlDisplay Settings:AbstractThe following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSend to: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Jan;139(1):126-33. Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Light RW, Muro JR, Sato RI, Stansbury DW, Fischer CE, Brown SE. Source Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822. Abstract Previous studies have shown that opiates increase the maximal external work performed at exhaustion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanism responsible for this improvement in exercise tolerance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an oral morphine solution (0.8 mg/kg) on the exercise tolerance, perception of dyspnea, and arterial blood gases of patients with COPD. Thirteen eucapnic patients with stable COPD (FEV1 = 0.99 +/- 0.48) underwent duplicate incremental cycle ergometer tests to exhaustion (Emax) after the ingestion of placebo and after the ingestion of morphine. After the ingestion of morphine, the maximal workload increased by 18% (p less than 0.001) and the VO2 increased by 19.3% (p less than 0.001). Ten of the 13 patients had a higher ventilation at Emax after morphine ingestion. Despite the higher ventilation at Emax after morphine, the mean Borg score was not significantly higher. At Emax after morphine ingestion, the PaO2 (65.8 +/- 11.6 mm Hg) was significantly lower and the PaCO2 (43.5 +/- 8.3 mm Hg) was significantly higher than at Emax after placebo (71.9 +/- 15.5 and 38.3 +/- 8.5, respectively). When data at the highest equivalent workload were analyzed, the ventilation and the Borg scores were significantly lower, whereas the VO2 and VCO2 were comparable. From this study, we conclude that the administration of opiates can substantially increase the exercise capacity of patients with COPD. The improved exercise tolerance appears to be related to both a higher PaCO2 resulting in lowered ventilation requirements for a given workload and also to a reduced perception of breathlessness for a given level of ventilation. PMID: 2492170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] The following toggler user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances The following toggler user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control LinkOut - more resources Supplemental Content

Save items The following setswitch user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlAdd to Favorites View more options Related citations in PubMed Lack of effect of dextromethorphan on breathlessness and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [Eur Respir J. 1991] Effect of naloxone on maximal exercise performance and control of ventilation in COPD. [Chest. 1989] Lung function and exercise gas exchange in chronic heart failure. [Circulation. 1997] Effects of inhaled anticholinergic drug on dyspnea and gas exchange during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Chest. 1993] Inhaled bronchodilators reduce dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996] See reviews... See all... Cited by 9 PubMed Central articles Effect of nebulized morphine on dyspnea of mustard gas-exposed patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial study. [Pulm Med. 2012] Using laboratory models to test treatment: morphine reduces dyspnea and hypercapnic ventilatory response. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011] Killing the symptom without killing the patient. [Can Fam Physician. 2010] See all... Related information Related Citations Compound Compound (MeSH Keyword) Substance Substance (MeSH Keyword) Cited in PMC Recent activity Clear Turn Off Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients wi... PubMed See more... You are here: NCBI > Literature > PubMedWrite to the Help Desk Simple NCBI Directory GETTING STARTED NCBI Education NCBI Help Manual NCBI Handbook Training & Tutorials RESOURCES Chemicals & Bioassays Data & Software DNA & RNA Domains & Structures Genes & Expression Genetics & Medicine Genomes & Maps Homology Literature Proteins Sequence Analysis Taxonomy Training & Tutorials Variation POPULAR PubMed Nucleotide BLAST PubMed Central Gene Bookshelf Protein OMIM Genome SNP Structure FEATURED Genetic Testing Registry PubMed Health GenBank Reference Sequences Map Viewer Human Genome Mouse Genome Influenza Virus Primer-BLAST Sequence Read Archive NCBI INFORMATION About NCBI Research at NCBI NCBI Newsletter NCBI FTP Site NCBI on Facebook NCBI on Twitter NCBI on YouTube NLM NIH DHHS USA.gov Copyright | Disclaimer | Privacy | Browsers | Accessibility | Contact National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA The following menu user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control NCBI Skip to main content Skip to navigation Resources How To About NCBI Accesskeys Sign in to NCBI PubMed US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search termSearch database The following autocomplete user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSearch AdvancedHelp Result Filters The following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlDisplay Settings:AbstractThe following popper user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlSend to: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Jan;139(1):126-33. Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Light RW, Muro JR, Sato RI, Stansbury DW, Fischer CE, Brown SE. Source Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822. Abstract Previous studies have shown that opiates increase the maximal external work performed at exhaustion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanism responsible for this improvement in exercise tolerance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an oral morphine solution (0.8 mg/kg) on the exercise tolerance, perception of dyspnea, and arterial blood gases of patients with COPD. Thirteen eucapnic patients with stable COPD (FEV1 = 0.99 +/- 0.48) underwent duplicate incremental cycle ergometer tests to exhaustion (Emax) after the ingestion of placebo and after the ingestion of morphine. After the ingestion of morphine, the maximal workload increased by 18% (p less than 0.001) and the VO2 increased by 19.3% (p less than 0.001). Ten of the 13 patients had a higher ventilation at Emax after morphine ingestion. Despite the higher ventilation at Emax after morphine, the mean Borg score was not significantly higher. At Emax after morphine ingestion, the PaO2 (65.8 +/- 11.6 mm Hg) was significantly lower and the PaCO2 (43.5 +/- 8.3 mm Hg) was significantly higher than at Emax after placebo (71.9 +/- 15.5 and 38.3 +/- 8.5, respectively). When data at the highest equivalent workload were analyzed, the ventilation and the Borg scores were significantly lower, whereas the VO2 and VCO2 were comparable. From this study, we conclude that the administration of opiates can substantially increase the exercise capacity of patients with COPD. The improved exercise tolerance appears to be related to both a higher PaCO2 resulting in lowered ventilation requirements for a given workload and also to a reduced perception of breathlessness for a given level of ventilation. PMID: 2492170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] The following toggler user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances The following toggler user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface control LinkOut - more resources Supplemental Content

Save items The following setswitch user interface control may not be accessible. Tab to the next button to revert the control to an accessible version.Destroy user interface controlAdd to Favorites View more options Related citations in PubMed Lack of effect of dextromethorphan on breathlessness and exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [Eur Respir J. 1991] Effect of naloxone on maximal exercise performance and control of ventilation in COPD. [Chest. 1989] Lung function and exercise gas exchange in chronic heart failure. [Circulation. 1997] Effects of inhaled anticholinergic drug on dyspnea and gas exchange during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Chest. 1993] Inhaled bronchodilators reduce dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996] See reviews... See all... Cited by 9 PubMed Central articles Effect of nebulized morphine on dyspnea of mustard gas-exposed patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial study. [Pulm Med. 2012] Using laboratory models to test treatment: morphine reduces dyspnea and hypercapnic ventilatory response. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011] Killing the symptom without killing the patient. [Can Fam Physician. 2010] See all... Related information Related Citations Compound Compound (MeSH Keyword) Substance Substance (MeSH Keyword) Cited in PMC Recent activity Clear Turn Off Effects of oral morphine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients wi... PubMed See more... You are here: NCBI > Literature > PubMedWrite to the Help Desk Simple NCBI Directory GETTING STARTED NCBI Education NCBI Help Manual NCBI Handbook Training & Tutorials RESOURCES Chemicals & Bioassays Data & Software DNA & RNA Domains & Structures Genes & Expression Genetics & Medicine Genomes & Maps Homology Literature Proteins Sequence Analysis Taxonomy Training & Tutorials Variation POPULAR PubMed Nucleotide BLAST PubMed Central Gene Bookshelf Protein OMIM Genome SNP Structure FEATURED Genetic Testing Registry PubMed Health GenBank Reference Sequences Map Viewer Human Genome Mouse Genome Influenza Virus Primer-BLAST Sequence Read Archive NCBI INFORMATION About NCBI Research at NCBI NCBI Newsletter NCBI FTP Site NCBI on Facebook NCBI on Twitter NCBI on YouTube NLM NIH DHHS USA.gov Copyright | Disclaimer | Privacy | Browsers | Accessibility | Contact National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA

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