Exam 1 Physical Diagnosis Objectives

From Iusmicm

Revision as of 21:42, 28 February 2013 (edit) 91.201.64.7 (Talk) (S9qz2p Very neat blog.Thanks Again. Much obliged.) ← Older edit		Current revision as of 20:39, 2 September 2015 (edit) (undo) 37.233.27.142 (Talk) (b5muSQ You are my breathing in, I own few web logs and occasionally run out from brand . Analyzing humor is like dissecting a frog. Few people are interested and the frog dies of it. by E. B. White.)
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-	*Note, much borrowed from generous, previous IUSM medical students.	+	b5muSQ You are my breathing in, I own few web logs and occasionally run out from brand . Analyzing humor is like dissecting a frog. Few people are interested and the frog dies of it. by E. B. White.
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-	afizPK Enjoyed every bit of your post.Really looking forward to read more.	+
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-	5Astck Great blog.Really looking forward to read more. Really Cool.	+
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-	sR9V4Z Major thanks for the blog article.Thanks Again. Really Great.	+
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-	YbuRcM Thanks so much for the blog.Much thanks again. Great.	+
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-	S9qz2p Very neat blog.Thanks Again. Much obliged.	+
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-	===Chapter 10===	+
-	# Describe the actions and innervations of the eye and extraocular muscles.	+
-	# Identify the major symptoms of eye disease.	+
-	# Interpret the symptoms of the major diseases of the eye and apply them clinically to a patient: loss of vision, eye pain, diplopia, tearing or dryness, discharge, and redness.	+
-	# Apply the components of the physical examination of the eye to a patient.	+
-	# Clinically correlate the symptoms and physical exam findings pertaining to the eye for the following disease processes: visual field defect, red eye (acute conjunctivitis, acute iritis, narrow-angle glaucoma, and corneal abrasion), diabetes, hypertension, and papilledema.	+
-	# Give a differential diagnosis based on symptoms and/or physical exam findings pertaining to the eye.	+
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-	===Chapter 11===	+
-	====Ear====	+
-	*Describe the structure and innervations of the ear.	+
-	**External ear consists of pinna and external auditory canal	+
-	**The middle ear or tympanic cavity consists of connections to the mastoid antrum and nasopharyx through the Eustachian tube	+
-	**The tympanic membrane forms the lateral boundary of the middle ear, while the cochlea forms the medial boundary	+
-	**Sound is conducted from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear by the malleus, incus and stapes	+
-	**The tensor tympani [CN V] and the stapedius [CN VII] are also located in the middle ear	+
-	**The inner ear is the end-organ for hearing and equilibrium containing the semicircular canals, vestibule and the cochlea	+
-	**The hair cells of the organ of corti convert mechanical force into electrochemical signal	+
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-	*Identify the major symptoms of ear disease and how these symptoms can identify diseases involving the ear: hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, otorrhea, otalgia, and itching.	+
-	**Hearing loss	+
-	***conductive: blocks transmission of sound waves in external canal or middle ear; caused by wax, effusions, foreign bodies	+
-	***sensorineural: inner ear structures, auditory nerve or brain stem are dibilitated; caused by prenatal rubella, and lots of other causes.	+
-	***'''Patients with sensorineural talk loudly, conductive speak softly.'''	+
-	**Vertigo: spinning or turning in position; can be otologic, neurologic, psychological, or iatrogenic.	+
-	***Meniere’s disease: severe paroxysmal vertigo as a result of labyrinthine lesions	+
-	**Tinnitus: sensation of hearing sound such as buzzing or ringing	+
-	**Otorrhea: bloody discharge associated with carcinoma or trauma	+
-	**Otalgia: pain related to inflammatory conditions or may be referred	+
-	**Itching: from primary disorder of external ear or discharge from middle ear	+
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-	*Apply the components of the physical exam of the ear to a patient.	+
-	**Inspect external ear structures: tophi, “cauliflower ear” from trauma, cancer, discharge	+
-	**Palpate the external ear structures	+
-	**Auditory acuity testing: occlude one ear and speak softly into the other; use of 512Hz fork	+
-	***Rinne test: air conduction vs bone conduction using fork; placing stem on mastoid process compared against vibratory hearing; usually AC > BC [Rhine positive]	+
-	***Weber test: compares bone conduction in both ears by placing fork in middle of forehead; sound heard on ipsi side of conductive problem and contra side of a sensorineural problem	+
-	***Example: Rinne positive on both sides -> sensorineural problem; Rinne negative on one side identifies conduction problem on that side	+
-	**Otoscopic examination: pull posterior and superior and look at the canal and tympanic membrane (should be pearly gray)	+
-	***Injection: dilation of tympanic vessels	+
-	***Retraction pocket can indicate Eustachian tube blockage and decreased pressure	+
-	**Determination of mobility of tympanic membrane: also uses otoscope; useful for middle ear infection possibility (decreased movement will be detected if fluid present)	+
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-	*Clinically correlate the symptoms and physical exam findings pertaining to the ear for the following disease processes: conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, otitis media, serous otitis media, otitis externa, and vertigo. Interpret the symptoms of diseases of the ear and apply them clinically to patient.	+
-	**Acute otitis externa: p. aeruginosa	+
-	***Severe pain accentuated by manipulation of the pinna; lymphadenopathy; fever; normal tympanic membrane	+
-	***Summer time	+
-	**Bullous myringitis: localized form of external otitis	+
-	***Acute viral URI; severe pain; lesions on the skin of the deep external ear canal;	+
-	***Self-limited	+
-	**Acute otitis media: bacterial infection of the middle ear	+
-	***Usually in children;	+
-	***Pain, malaise, no pain on external manipulation, fiery red tympanic membrane;	+
-	***Winter	+
-	**Advanced acute otitis media: rupture of membrane	+
-	***Perforations can be central or marginal (more serious and may dispose to a cholesteatoma)	+
-	***May result from either otitis media or trauma	+
-	**Serous otits media:	+
-	***Adults with viral URIs or sudden atmospheric pressure changes	+
-	***Tympanic membrane appears yellowish-orange as a result of the amber-colored fluid	+
-	**Partial obstruction of the Eustachian tubes:	+
-	***Air bubbles or an air-fluid level in the middle ear	+
-	**Chronic otitis media: rupture and recurrent middle ear infections	+
-	***Foul-smelling, not usually painful	+
-	**Retraction pockets: chronic negative pressure within middle ear	+
-	***May progress to an acquired cholesteatoma	+
-	***Treat with T-tube (tympanostomy)	+
-	**Deafness:	+
-	***Child: conductive via cerumen, chronic/acute otitis media; sensorinueral via mumps, rubella	+
-	***Adult: conductive via tube blockage, viral myringitis, otosclerosis; sensorineural via Meniere’s, ototoxic drugs, acoustic neuroma	+
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-	*Generate a diagnosis and/or differential diagnosis based on symptoms and/or physical exam findings of the ear.	+
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-	====Nose====	+
-	# Describe the structure of the nose.	+
-	# Illustrate how the major symptoms of nose diseases are used to identify nose diseases.	+
-	# Interpret the symptoms related to the nose and apply them clinically to a patient.	+
-	# Apply the components of the physical exam of the nose to a patient.	+
-	# Clinically correlate the symptoms and physical exam findings pertaining to the nose for the following disease processes: allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, and nonallergic rhinitis.	+
-	# Generate a diagnosis and/or differential diagnosis based on symptoms and/or physical exam findings of the nose.	+
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-	===Chapter 12===	+
-	*Know the structures of the oral cavity and pharynx.	+
-	**http://media-3.web.britannica.com/eb-media/91/74891-004-345232AC.jpg	+
-	**http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_hL0QrZsPcvY/SaP_z9urWaI/AAAAAAAAAYM/Djf9xDzyaes/s400/or4.gif	+
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-	*Know the functions of the pharynx.	+
-	**Subdivisions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx.	+
-	**Fxn: provides swallowing, speech, and an airway.	+
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-	*Know the important symptoms of disease of the oral cavity.	+
-	**Ulceration, bleeding, mass, halitosis, xerostomia (dry mouth).	+
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-	*Apply the components of the physical exam of the oral cavity and pharynx to a patient.	+
-	**See cd.	+
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-	*Clinically correlate the signs and symptoms of the following conditions:	+
-	**Aphthous ulcer	+
-	***Single canker sore. Most common acute oral ulcer.	+
-	***Relatively superficial w/ raised borders.  On buccal or labial mucosa.	+
-	**Herpetic ulcer	+
-	***acute multiple ulcers, associated w/ vesicles.	+
-	***On mucocutaneous junction, hard palate, or gingivae.	+
-	***Crusting when bullae break.	+
-	**Chancre	+
-	***Painless, single lesion on lips or tongue.	+
-	***Lesion w/o central necrotic material.	+
-	***May have tender lymphadenitis.	+
-	**Squamous cell carcinoma:	+
-	***Single indurated sore on lips, tongue, mouth floor, or tongue (esp. on lateral borders)	+
-	***Erythroplakia of mouth floor and soft palate.	+
-	***Raised border, absence of necrotic material in crater.	+
-	***May have painless lymphadenopathy in neck.	+
-	**Candidiasis	+
-	***Burning tongue, inside of cheek or throat.	+
-	***Whitish pseudomembrane.	+
-	***Peeled off to reveal raw, red area that may bleed.	+
-	**Erythroplakia	+
-	***Painless, red area.	+
-	***Granular, red papules that bleed.	+
-	**Leukoplakia	+
-	***Painless, white area.	+
-	***Hyperkeratinized.  Can’t be scraped off.	+
-	***Looks like flaking white paint.  Often speckled w/ red spots.	+
-	***If associated with adenopathy, could be malignancy.	+
-	**Lipoma	+
-	***Painless mass on inner surface of cheek or tongue.	+
-	***Yellowish, soft, freely mobile.	+
-	**Lichen planus	+
-	***Usually no symptoms.	+
-	***Erosive form causes burning sores on inner cheeks and tongue.	+
-	***White reticulated papules bilaterally in lace-like pattern.	+
-	***Erosive form is hemorrhagic, ulcerated w/ possible white areas or bullae.	+
-	***May have pseudomembrane covering.	+
-	**Mucocele	+
-	***Intermittent painless swelling of lower lip, or inside cheek.	+
-	***Slightly bluish.	+
-	***Dome-shaped, freely-mobile cystic lesion.	+
-	**Hairy Tongue	+
-	***Gagging sensation.	+
-	***Large brown or black painless lesion on top of tongue.	+
-	***Elongation of filiform papillae and color change.	+
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-	===Chapter 13===	+
-	#Describe the topographical landmarks of the chest and utilize that knowledge to describe physical findings of the chest.	+
-	#Recognize the main symptoms of pulmonary disease and how these symptoms can identify disease.	+
-	#Interpret the symptoms of pulmonary disease and apply them clinically to a patient.	+
-	#Apply the components of the physical exam of the chest to a patient.	+
-	#Clinically correlate the symptoms and physical exam findings pertaining to the chest:	+
-	##Pulmonary Edema	+
-	##Pneumothorax	+
-	##Asthma	+
-	##Pneumonia	+
-	##Emphysema	+
-	##Pulmonary Embolism	+
-	##Pleural Effusion	+
-	#Generate a diagnosis and/or differential diagnosis based on symptoms and/or physical exam findings of the chest.	+
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-	===Chapter 17===	+
-	# Describe the topographical landmarks of the abdomen and utilize that knowledge to describe physical findings of the abdomen.	+
-	# Recognize where abdominal structures are located by topographical quadrants of the abdomen.	+
-	# Recognize the main symptoms of abdominal disease and how these symptoms can identify disease.	+
-	# Interpret the symptoms of abdominal disease and apply them clinically to a patient.	+
-	# Apply the components of the physical examination of the abdomen to a patient.	+
-	# Clinically correlate the symptoms and physical exam findings pertaining to the abdomen.	+
-	# Generate a diagnosis and/or differential diagnosis based on symptoms and/or physical exam findings.	+
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-	===Chapter 21===	+

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Current revision as of 20:39, 2 September 2015

b5muSQ You are my breathing in, I own few web logs and occasionally run out from brand . Analyzing humor is like dissecting a frog. Few people are interested and the frog dies of it. by E. B. White.