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From Ibstudy
Charger : in several UPS systems because of the nature of these design another battery charger is applied, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is quite common on small sub 3kVA models.
Battery : this is actually the energy storage area and is kept charged eith...
Rectifier : this section of the UPS charging current for the battery and also the supply requirements for the inverter and can converts the incoming alternating current (ac) supply to direct current (dc).
Charger : in a number of UPS systems due to the nature of their design another battery charger is employed, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is quite common on small sub 3kVA devices.
Battery : here is the power storage area and is kept charged either by the rectifier or even a separate charger. Their storage capacity is generally displayed, as AH (ampere hour), which is the amount of amperes of current that the battery can provide for an hour. There will be a quantity of limiting facets depending upon the application, usually if the design calls for a short autonomy (period of time the battery will support its weight for), the batteries could be cleared to a level, in the case of emergency lighting where there is a necessity for a autonomy the battery won't be allowed to discharge therefore far. These circumstances help permit the maximum design life of the battery to be performed.
Inverter : an ac output is provided by this section of the Uninterruptible power supply to the load that will be in phase with the insight mains supply. Because of the amount of conversions (ac to dc to ac) and the filter involved it may be known as a 'clean supply.'
Static Switch : this circuit can be as simple as a relay or more commonly using thyristors, its function is always to switch the load between the application mains supply and the inverter. As has been mentioned before the production of the inverter is in phase with the power mains present so that any switching between your two will undoubtedly be nearly seamless. This design helps to ensure that if the inverter experiences an overload condition, because of its extremely fast over-current diagnosis tracks it'll transfer the load to the more resilient mains supply. An average example would be each time a machine rack is switched on, the inrush current, based upon the size of your uninterruptible power supplies, may cause the transfer to the energy mains supply, and once switched on the load may transfer back to the inverter offering the inverter has sufficient ability to support the load. Also a mistake on the inverter will cause the load to be moved, again virtually seamlessly; it'd be unusual for just about any loss in load that occurs over these conditions.
Maintenance Bypass : more generally present in UPS systems with a capacity of 6kVA or greater. The load is allowed by this arrangement to be transferred under controlled conditions to the UPS and the power mains to be shut down without loss. Generally performed for program UPS preservation or UPS repair.
External Maintenance Bypass : the installing of an maintenance bypass can allow the UPS to be removed/replaced without disturbance to the load, also, if the actual maintenance bypass is fed from another supply it can allow load screening in the case of a major UPS restoration and/or checking of the independence under simulated load conditions while the site load will be supported by the external maintenance bypass circuit. This is often used when allowing the UPS System to be bypassed onto standby diesel generator power. Instead, when batteries are changed and removed, it may only be performed by putting the uniterruptible power into additional bypass.
