Organic Chemistry

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	==11.1 Homologous series==		==11.1 Homologous series==
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-	==11.2 Hydrocarbons==	+	And I was just wodnrenig about that too!
-		+
-	*Compounds containing only '''Hydro'''gen and '''carbon	+
-	*Three examples,	+
-	**Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes	+
-		+
-	====Alkanes====	+
-	*Alkanes have a CH3 group at each end, and are made up of CH2 groups.	+
-	*First five are,	+
-	**Methane	+
-	**Ethane	+
-	**Propane	+
-	**Butane	+
-	**Pentane	+
-		+
-		+
-	[[Image:Methane.gif]] Methane	+
-	[[Image:Ethane.gif]] Ethane	+
-	[[Image:Propane.gif]] Propane	+
-	[[Image:Butane.gif]] Butane	+
-	etc.	+
-		+
-	====Isomerism====	+
-	*The idea that one hydrocarbon can exist in another form or structure. This will occur if:	+
-	**Each '''carbon''' forms '''four bonds'''	+
-	**Each '''hydrogen''' forms '''one bond'''	+
-	**Each '''oxygen''' forms '''two bonds'''	+
-		+
-	*If the bonds formed are not straight, the isomer is known to be ''branched''	+
-	*Here is an example with C4H10	+
-	[[Image:Butane.gif]] Butane (C4H10)	+
-	[[Image:Methyl_propane.gif]] Methyl Propane (C4H10)	+
-		+
-	====Alkenes====	+
-		+
-	*These structures are similar to the alkanes except two hydrogens are replaced by a double bond between two carbons	+
-	*The number '1' in the names refers to the position of the carbon starting the double bond. No numbering is needed in the first two members as there can be no ambiguity	+
-		+
-	[[Image:Ethene.gif]] Ethene	+
-	[[Image:Propene.gif]] Propene	+
-	[[Image:But-1-ene.gif]] But<nowiki>-</nowiki>1<nowiki>-</nowiki>ene	+
-	[[Image:Pent-1-ene.gif]]Pent<nowiki>-</nowiki>1<nowiki>-</nowiki>ene	+
-		+
-	====Combustion====	+
-	*Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon produces CO2 and H2O	+
-	*Incomplete produces CO, C, and H2O	+
-	*Incomplete combustion is where the carbon is not completely oxidized	+
	==11.3 Other Functional Groups==		==11.3 Other Functional Groups==
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Current revision as of 22:32, 6 September 2011

[edit] 11.1 Homologous series

• A homologous series is a set of compounds with one repeating functional group

[edit] Physical Properties of Alkanes

• As chain length increases, so does boiling point, as an increased number of electrons causes stronger Van de Waal forces
• The increase in boiling temperature is rapid at first, but flattens off

And I was just wodnrenig about that too!

[edit] 11.3 Other Functional Groups

Functional Group Name	Functional Group
Aldehyde	-CHO
Ketone	-CO-
Alcohol	-OH
Carboxylic Acid	-COOH
Amine	-NH2
Amide	-CONH2
Halogenoalkane	-X (Any Halogen)
Ester	-COO-
Ether	-O-