Cold War overview

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Causes of the Cold War:
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Here is how a Catholic Bishop rules in his jurisdiction:1795 Oct. 14 Penalver y Cardenas, Luis Bishop ( New Orleans ) 1) The Bishop nofeiits: a) that examining the parochial books, upon the occasion of the holy visit of his diocese, he notified sorrowfully the great number of adults that die without the sacraments of Penance, Eucharist, and Extreme Unction. b) That that is due to the non-observance of the physicians and surgeons of the canonical orders of the fourth Council of Lateran under Pope Innocent III, of the holy Bull issued by Pius V whose beginning is "Super Gregem Dominicum" and of the instruction given by the Roman Council under the pontificate of Benedict XIII in 1725. c) That all of which orders them not only to call the attention of those they cure to prepare themselves to eternal life through the holy sacraments, but also that they must refrain from continuing to help the sick if at the end of the third day of illness they have not been administered. d) That all those doctors who do not proceed so will be punished with a major excommunication. 2) therefore the Bishop decrees that in order that all those who live amidst vice and licentiousness may be saved by an efficient confession of their sins, this decree is to be made known to every physician and surgeon, thus reminding them of their responsibility and the strict account they must give on Judgement Day to Our Lord for the least failure in the fulfillment of their duties. 3) That in the case of a known and proven neglect to carry out such orders, they will be punished properly for their disobedience. Signed by the Bishop of Louisiana and witnessed by Dr. Joseph Maria de Rivas as secretary. --To this is added a note by Santiago Saldivar, (Notary Public) certifying that on Oct. 15, 1795, at New Orleans, he notified the following doctors: Jose Monteguin, Estevan Pelgim, Roberto Dow, Joaguin Ablanedo,Jose Lavie, Mr. Fortain, and Crusel de St. Martial of the above decree. That on Oct. 16, 1795 he notified Luis Guiovelnia of the above decree. That on Oct. 17, 1795 he notified Santiago Leduc of the above decree. IV-5-d D.S. 3pp. 4to. (Spanish) 9 ********************* Tough as nails, with no thought of compromise or retreat.The Priests under his jurisdiction were tough guys; they were Sheppards.If you are awaiting a Bishop the gossip of women has informed is a no good scoundrel, pray that the Dispenser of Divine Graces forms him in the image of her Son, that his heart may be hers, to fill with graces and chrisms.Pray with all your heart and soul that your Bishop may be a good Sheppard; one that gathers souls for Heaven.When we consider only that which enriches our personal comfort, bad things happen.*
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=Factors contributing to the Cold War=
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==Long-term origins (1917-1941)==
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?
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==Short-term origins (1941-1946)==
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===1945 Meetings:===
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*Yalta:
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**Germany to be split into four zones(American, British, French, Russian), Berlin too.
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**Eastern Europe to have free elections
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**U.N. to be created
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**Stalin agreed to join the war against Japan
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***Condition: Japanese-occupied territory given to USSR
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*Pottsdam
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**Couldn't agree on what to do with Poland or Germany
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==Attitudes of major powers==
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===American Position===
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Mainly, '''suspicion of Russia''' from a number of sources:
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*Kennan's Long Telegram (1946, followed later by the "X Article"):
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**telegram sent by George Kennan, Deputy Chief of Mission (second to the Ambassador) at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, basically said that Russia believed that communism and capitalism could not peacefully coexist, and one would have to make way for the other.
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***See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Article#The_Long_Telegram Wikipedia page] for more info or the original text on [http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Long_Telegram Wikisource]
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*NSC-68: National Security Council report on Communist aims. ''Note: this was not until 1950!''
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**Main jist was that the USSR wanted to "impose its absolute authority over the rest of the world."
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**Depicted the USA as "the center of power in the free world."
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*During the Russian Civil War, the Bolsheveiks had fought U.S. supported forces and, after winning, renounced all Russian international debts.
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*At the end of WWII, Russia appeared to forcefully impose communist governments in Eastern Europe.
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**Free elections did not happen as agreed at Yalta
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*These led to the American '''policy of containment''' of communism
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===Soviet Position===
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Mainly, '''suspicion of the West''' from these sources:
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*USSR was not well-informed of the development and planned use of the atomic bomb.
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*Old tensions from the Russian Civil War
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*Russia had been invaded twice in 50 years by Western powers
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*The dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan prevented Russia gaining back territory lost in the Russo-Japanese war which they had been offered if they helped defeat Japan
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*Therefore Russia wanted border states to prevent future invasions
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=1945-1953: The start of the Cold War=
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*Europe
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**Attitudes
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**Conferences
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**Atomic bomb
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**Eastern Europe
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**Containment and roll back
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***Truman, Marshall, Cominform, Molotov, Comicon
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**Berlin blockade and airlift
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***NATO
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==Action in Asia==
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**[[Korean war]] 1950-1953 (however, it didn't officially end yet)
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**[[Vietnam War]] (U.S. gets involved in 1957, Saigon falls 1975)
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**Indo-china wars
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**China becomes communist
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=The �Thaw� (1953-1957)=
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*Reasons for a thaw
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**Death of Stalin
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**McCarthy discredited
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**End of Korean War
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**End of Indo-china war
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**Russian concessions
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**The Austrian State Treaty
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*Continued tensions
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**Continued Russian grip on Eastern Europe
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**Actions to protect communism
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**The Warsaw Pact
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**Russia builds up arms
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**Berlin problems (Recognition)
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=The Khrushchev Era (1956-63)=
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Destalinisation
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Polish Crisis (1956)
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Hungarian Uprising
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Suez Crisis
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Increased power of Khrushev and USSR
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Second Berlin crisis (1958-1962)
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*Threats by Khrushchev against Western powers in west Germany/Berlin (Berlin Ultimatum)
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*Demands to get rid of West Berlin
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*Geneva conference
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*Berlin Wall
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The Arms race (1949-1958 and onwards)
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Cuban missile crisis (1962)
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*Fidel Castro
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*Bay of pigs incident
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*Missiles in Cuba
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*Naval blockade
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*Consequences
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Consequences
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*Deterioration of Relations
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=The �Long Peace� in Europe (1963-91)=
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Détente in Europe
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*Distracted super powers
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**Vietnam
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**USSR and China
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*Controlling nuclear development
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*France withdraws from NATO
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*The Hamel report
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*Brezhnev doctrine
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*Ostpolitik
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*China and the USA
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The Third Cold War (1979-1985)
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*Weakening of Détente
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*Solidarity
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*Ostpolitik threatened
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End of the Cold War
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*Gorbachev
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*Détente renegotiated
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*East Europe
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**Economic problems
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**New conflicts without communism
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*Collapse of GDR
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*Reunification of Germany
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Collapse of the USSR
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Current revision as of 10:22, 22 April 2013

Here is how a Catholic Bishop rules in his jurisdiction:1795 Oct. 14 Penalver y Cardenas, Luis Bishop ( New Orleans ) 1) The Bishop nofeiits: a) that examining the parochial books, upon the occasion of the holy visit of his diocese, he notified sorrowfully the great number of adults that die without the sacraments of Penance, Eucharist, and Extreme Unction. b) That that is due to the non-observance of the physicians and surgeons of the canonical orders of the fourth Council of Lateran under Pope Innocent III, of the holy Bull issued by Pius V whose beginning is "Super Gregem Dominicum" and of the instruction given by the Roman Council under the pontificate of Benedict XIII in 1725. c) That all of which orders them not only to call the attention of those they cure to prepare themselves to eternal life through the holy sacraments, but also that they must refrain from continuing to help the sick if at the end of the third day of illness they have not been administered. d) That all those doctors who do not proceed so will be punished with a major excommunication. 2) therefore the Bishop decrees that in order that all those who live amidst vice and licentiousness may be saved by an efficient confession of their sins, this decree is to be made known to every physician and surgeon, thus reminding them of their responsibility and the strict account they must give on Judgement Day to Our Lord for the least failure in the fulfillment of their duties. 3) That in the case of a known and proven neglect to carry out such orders, they will be punished properly for their disobedience. Signed by the Bishop of Louisiana and witnessed by Dr. Joseph Maria de Rivas as secretary. --To this is added a note by Santiago Saldivar, (Notary Public) certifying that on Oct. 15, 1795, at New Orleans, he notified the following doctors: Jose Monteguin, Estevan Pelgim, Roberto Dow, Joaguin Ablanedo,Jose Lavie, Mr. Fortain, and Crusel de St. Martial of the above decree. That on Oct. 16, 1795 he notified Luis Guiovelnia of the above decree. That on Oct. 17, 1795 he notified Santiago Leduc of the above decree. IV-5-d D.S. 3pp. 4to. (Spanish) 9 ********************* Tough as nails, with no thought of compromise or retreat.The Priests under his jurisdiction were tough guys; they were Sheppards.If you are awaiting a Bishop the gossip of women has informed is a no good scoundrel, pray that the Dispenser of Divine Graces forms him in the image of her Son, that his heart may be hers, to fill with graces and chrisms.Pray with all your heart and soul that your Bishop may be a good Sheppard; one that gathers souls for Heaven.When we consider only that which enriches our personal comfort, bad things happen.*

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