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From Greenthings

Charger : in numerous UPS systems as a result of nature of the design a different battery charger is used, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is extremely common on small sub 3kVA devices.

Battery : this is the power storage area and is kept charged eith...

Rectifier : this section of the UPS converts the incoming alternating current (ac) supply to direct current (dc) and can offer charging current for the battery and also the supply needs for the inverter.

Charger : in a number of UPS systems because of the nature of these design a separate battery charger is employed, this is more common on sub 60kVA UPS systems and is extremely common on small sub 3kVA units.

Battery : here is the power storage area and is kept charged possibly by the rectifier or a separate charger. As AH (ampere hour), which is how many amperes of current that the battery can supply for an hour, Its storage capacity is usually exhibited. There will be a quantity of limiting facets dependant on the application, generally if the design calls for a short autonomy (period of time the battery will support its weight for), the batteries can be released to a degree, in the case of emergency lighting where there's a requirement for a autonomy the battery will not be allowed to release therefore much. These conditions help to enable the optimum design life of the battery to be achieved.

Inverter : an ac output is provided by this section of the Uninterruptible power supply to the weight which can be in phase with the input mains supply. Due to the quantity of conversions (ac to dc to ac) and the filter involved it can be known as a 'clean supply.'

Fixed Switch : this signal is often as easy as a relay or more generally using thyristors, its purpose is always to change the load between the energy mains supply and the inverter. So that any switching involving the two will be almost seamless as has been mentioned before the production of the inverter is in phase with the application mains supply. This design ensures that if the inverter activities an overload condition, due to its very quickly over-current discovery circuits it'll transfer the strain to the more tough mains supply. A normal example would be whenever a host sheet is switched on, the inrush current, based upon the size of your uninterruptible power supplies, may cause the transfer to the power mains offer, and after switched on the load can transfer back to the inverter giving the inverter has sufficient capacity to support the load. Also a fault on the inverter may cause the load to be moved, again essentially seamlessly; it would be unusual for almost any loss of load that occurs over these circumstances.

Preservation Bypass : more generally found in UPS systems with a capacity of 6kVA or greater. The load is allowed by this arrangement to be moved under controlled conditions to the power mains and the UPS to be turn off without loss. Usually completed for routine UPS maintenance or UPS repair.

External Maintenance Bypass : the installing an maintenance bypass can allow the UPS to be removed/replaced without disturbance to the load, also, if the true maintenance bypass is fed from a different supply it can allow load testing in the case of an important UPS repair and/or checking of the independence under simulated load problems while the site load is being supported by the external maintenance bypass circuit. This could be used when allowing the UPS System to be bypassed onto standby diesel generator power. As an alternative, when batteries are removed and replaced, it could only be done by placing the uniterruptible power supply into outside bypass.