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(cMrBHq Very informative blog.Much thanks again. Much obliged.)
 
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'''People and Operations Management'''
'''People and Operations Management'''
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__NOTOC__
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=People in Organisations=
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cMrBHq Very informative blog.Much thanks again. Much obliged.
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Candidates are expected to gain an understanding of people at work in an
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integrated context within the organisation and the wider environment. They are
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required to understand the interrelationships between organisational structure,
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leadership style and motivation in a business, and to evaluate the implications of
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these for the effective planning and management of human resources.
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Management Structure and Organisation, and Motivation are covered in the
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People in Organisations section of AS Module 2. Both topics are part of the full
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A Level specification, though no further content need be taught. The topics should
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be revisited to provide theoretical underpinning to the new material on
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Communication, Employer/Employee Relations and Human Resource
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Management.
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==Communication==
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===Relationship between motivation and communication===
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*Effect of poor morale on communication and vice versa;
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*importance of feedback.
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===Barriers to effective communication===
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*Attitudes,
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*intermediaries,
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*lack of common language or sense of purpose.
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===Difficulties for larger organisations and possible solutions===
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*Communication overload,
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*many layers of hierarchy,
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*over-reliance on written;
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*the use of information technology;
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*decentralisation.
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==Employer/Employee Relations==
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Emphasis should be on recent and potential approaches and initiatives, and be linked to an organisation's underlying approach to motivation or leadership.
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===Differing approaches to employee relations at the collective and individual level===
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*Individual versus collective bargaining;
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*secure, full-time, salaried versus temporary and sub-contracted work.
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===Employee participation and industrial democracy===
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*Works councils;
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*employee shareholders;
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*autonomous work groups;
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*practical problems and benefits of working in teams;
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*impact on motivation.
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===The role of trade unions and ACAS===
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*Objectives, functions and organisation of unions;
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*industrial disputes and methods of resolution (including conciliation and arbitration);
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*single union and no strike agreements;
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*the role of ACAS.
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===Principles of employment law===
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*Individual labour law;
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*collective labour law;
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*impact on business of employment legislation.
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==Human Resource Management==
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This section emphasises the alternative approaches to HRM (dependent upon leadership style) and the criticisms of them. HRM can be a strategy for the personal development of all staff or a control mechanism.
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===Workforce planning===
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As an integrated process bearing in mind production, marketing and corporate plans.
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===Methods of remuneration===
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As AS Module:
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*Financial incentives, but with added emphasis on goals of HRM.
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===Measurements of personnel effectiveness (labour productivity, labour turnover, absenteeism and health and safety)
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*Ability to calculate and evaluate;
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*causes and effects;
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*importance as indicators of personnel strategy.
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=Operations Management=  
=Operations Management=  
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==Productive Efficiency==
==Productive Efficiency==
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Research and Development Function of R & D; importance of science and technology in
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===Research and Development===
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innovation and developing product quality; relationship of R & D to
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*Function of R & D;  
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product design, product life cycles and market research.
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*importance of science and technology in innovation and developing product quality;  
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Critical path analysis Drawing simple networks, calculating Earliest Start Times and Latest
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*relationship of R & D to product design, product life cycles and market research.
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Finish Times, identifying the critical path, calculating total float;
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
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understanding the business implications of CPA, especially for
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!width="200"|Term
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efficiency, business decision-making, time-based management and
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!width="500"|Explanation
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working capital control.
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14.5 Controlling Operations
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! d
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Application of IT within and
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between organisations
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Impact on stock control, production eg CAD/CAM, communications
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eg Internet, accounting (especially budgetary control), employment
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===Critical path analysis===
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and location, eg teleworking.
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*Drawing simple networks,  
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14.6 Facilities The focus must be on business based decision-making using methods
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*calculating Earliest Start Times and Latest Finish Times,  
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such as break-even analysis or investment appraisal (but qualitative
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*identifying the critical path,  
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factors should not be underestimated).
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*calculating total float;
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Regional location The business approach to location decisions, including costs,
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*understanding the business implications of CPA,  
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resources, infrastructure, the market, government intervention and
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especially for efficiency, business decision-making, time-based management and working capital control.
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qualitative factors.
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
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  International location As above, plus multinational strategies, including avoiding
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!width="200"|Term
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protectionism and achieving high economies of scale.
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!width="500"|Explanation
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|-
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! d
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|| R
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|-
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|}
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==Controlling Operations==
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===Application of IT within and between organisations===
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Impact on:
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*stock control,  
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*production eg CAD/CAM,  
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*communications eg Internet,  
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*accounting (especially budgetary control),  
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*employment and location, eg teleworking.
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
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!width="200"|Term
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!width="500"|Explanation
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|-
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! d
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|| R
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|-
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|}
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==Facilities==
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The focus must be on business based decision-making using methods such as break-even analysis or investment appraisal (but qualitative factors should not be underestimated).
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
 +
!width="200"|Term
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!width="500"|Explanation
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|-
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! d
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|| R
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|-
 +
|}
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===Regional location===
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The business approach to location decisions, including:
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*costs,
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*resources,  
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*infrastructure,  
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*the market,  
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*government intervention and
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*qualitative factors.
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
 +
!width="200"|Term
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!width="500"|Explanation
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|-
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! d
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|| R
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|-
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|}
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===International location===
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As above plus multinational strategies including:
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*avoiding protectionism and  
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*achieving high economies of scale.
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2"
 +
!width="200"|Term
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!width="500"|Explanation
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|-
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! d
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|| R
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|-
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|}

Current revision as of 17:57, 26 October 2013

People and Operations Management

cMrBHq Very informative blog.Much thanks again. Much obliged.

[edit] Operations Management

Candidates are expected to gain an understanding of operations management in an integrated context within the organisation and the wider environment. The material set out below should be related to that of the AS Subject Content, especially the Operations Management section of Module 2. Candidates are required to analyse and evaluate the use of different operations management tools to enhance decision-making in order to improve efficiency and quality.

[edit] Productive Efficiency

[edit] Research and Development

  • Function of R & D;
  • importance of science and technology in innovation and developing product quality;
  • relationship of R & D to product design, product life cycles and market research.
Term Explanation
d R

[edit] Critical path analysis

  • Drawing simple networks,
  • calculating Earliest Start Times and Latest Finish Times,
  • identifying the critical path,
  • calculating total float;
  • understanding the business implications of CPA,

especially for efficiency, business decision-making, time-based management and working capital control.

Term Explanation
d R

[edit] Controlling Operations

[edit] Application of IT within and between organisations

Impact on:

  • stock control,
  • production eg CAD/CAM,
  • communications eg Internet,
  • accounting (especially budgetary control),
  • employment and location, eg teleworking.
Term Explanation
d R

[edit] Facilities

The focus must be on business based decision-making using methods such as break-even analysis or investment appraisal (but qualitative factors should not be underestimated).

Term Explanation
d R

[edit] Regional location

The business approach to location decisions, including:

  • costs,
  • resources,
  • infrastructure,
  • the market,
  • government intervention and
  • qualitative factors.
Term Explanation
d R

[edit] International location

As above plus multinational strategies including:

  • avoiding protectionism and
  • achieving high economies of scale.
Term Explanation
d R
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